Kugula ndi chimodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri pamakampani, ndipo ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimafikira pafupifupi 60% ya kupanga ndi kugulitsa. Malinga ndi zomwe zikuchitika, mtengo wogulira masitovu amakono okonzera zinthu ukukwera pang'onopang'ono pamene gawo la mtengo wonse wa bizinesi likukwera, bizinesiyo ikukumana ndi mpikisano waukulu pamsika, ndipo nthawi yopangira zinthu ikuchepa pang'onopang'ono.
Kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kwa msika komanso kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wazinthu kukuchepa. Nthawi yomweyo, makampani pang'onopang'ono akusiya kulamulira ukadaulo ndi kulamulira msika kupita ku kugula kuti achepetse ndalama ndikuwonjezera phindu, motero akuwathandiza kukhala ndi zabwino zatsopano.
Kodi ntchito ya dipatimenti yogula zinthu ingathandize bwanji pakukula kwa bizinesi? Kodi mungatani kuti igwire bwino ntchito yogulitsa zinthu? Zonsezi zimadalira momwe kampaniyo imagwirira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera!
Monga mkulu wogula zinthu, mfundo yogulira zinthu zopangira kapena zida zofunika ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino, chitetezo champhamvu, kutumiza zinthu nthawi yake, komanso ntchito zili bwino, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira. Izi ndi ntchito zazikulu za dipatimenti yogula zinthu kuti ikwaniritse ntchito yomwe kampaniyo yapereka.
Njira yoyendetsera ndalama zogulira makampani imaphatikizapo mbali zinayi za kayendetsedwe ka ntchito, zomwe ndi kukonzekera ndalama, kuwongolera ndalama, kusanthula ndalama, ndi kuwerengera ndalama ndi kuwunika; gawo lokonzekera likhoza kuganiziridwa kuti lidziwe maudindo a udindo uliwonse mu kugula, kenako pogogomezera cholinga cha udindowo. Dongosolo la udindo, kuwunika kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndi njira zina, kuti lichite bwino pazinthu zina zoyendetsera ntchito monga kuwongolera ndalama, kuwerengera ndalama ndi kusanthula ndalama kudzalandira zotsatira zoonekeratu.
Woyang'anira bwino zogula ayenera kuyamba ndi mbali zambiri mu ndondomeko yogula. Mbali yaikulu ndikupanga malo ogulira zinthu pankhani yomanga makina ndikuwongolera luso logwirira ntchito ya bizinesi yogula zinthu kuyambira pamlingo waukadaulo, ndikupitilizabe kusintha kuchokera mbali ziwiri zofunika izi, ndi kumanga makina Ponena za khalidwe la kugula zinthu, mwaukadaulo kuwongolera luso lonse la bizinesi ya dipatimenti yogula zinthu kuti akwaniritse mtengo wotsika kwambiri wogula. Kuwongolera mtengo wogula kwa woyang'anira zinthu m'njira zosiyanasiyana kumayambira makamaka pazinthu zisanu zotsatirazi kuti achepetse mtengo wogula.
1. Kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera bwino kugula zinthu
Kuyang'anira kugula zinthu mwanzeru kuyenera kulinganiza bwino ubwino wamkati ndi wakunja wa bizinesi, kutenga kugula komwe aliyense amapindula ngati cholinga chake, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri pakukula kwa mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali ndi ogulitsa. Ndi njira yoyendetsera kugula yomwe imasintha malinga ndi chitukuko cha mkhalidwe watsopano wazachuma.
1. Kugula si vuto logula zinthu zopangira zokha, komanso kumaphatikizapo kasamalidwe kabwino, kasamalidwe ka zopanga ndi nkhani za kapangidwe ka zinthu. Kukhutiritsa zosowa ndi zokonda za makasitomala kuyenera kuchitika kudzera mu kutenga nawo mbali kwa gulu lalikulu la ulalo uliwonse mu unyolo wopereka kuti zosowa za makasitomala zisinthe kukhala kapangidwe ka zinthu. Kuzindikira zomwe makasitomala amakonda ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti njira yogwiritsira ntchito igwiritsidwe ntchito. Chifukwa chake, kusintha lingaliro lachikhalidwe logula zinthu kumathandiza kuti njira yogwiritsira ntchito igwire ntchito bwino.
2. Lingaliro lozikidwa pa kuphatikiza kwa luso ndi zinthu zofunika limafuna kuphatikiza bwino kwa zinthu pakati pa ogulitsa ndi makasitomala. Khazikitsani mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali m'malo mwa ubale wa malonda. Kuti mukhazikitse ubale woterewu pamafunika kulumikizana kwa njira pakati pa mbali zoperekera ndi zosowa. Kuwunika ndi kuyang'anira ogulitsa sikudaliranso pa malonda ngati chinthu choyamba, koma choyamba muyenera kuganizira ngati njirayo ikugwirizana. Wonjezerani kulemera kwa mbali za bizinesi, chikhalidwe cha makampani, njira zamakampani ndi zinthu zomwe zingatheke.
3. Kugula si malo amodzi okha, ndipo kusanthula msika wa zinthu kuyenera kuchitika. Kusanthula kumeneku kuyenera kuphatikizapo osati mitengo ya zinthu zokha, mtundu, ndi zina zotero, komanso kusanthula makampani a zinthu, komanso kulosera momwe zinthu zilili pachuma. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyenera kuweruza pa njira ya wogulitsa, chifukwa luso la kasitomala loyang'anira njira mosakayikira lidzakhudza kudalirika kwa ubale wogula. Nkhani zonsezi ndi za gulu la kusanthula njira. Zimapitirira njira yachikhalidwe yowunikira kugula (mtengo, mtundu, ndi zina zotero).
2. Chepetsani ndalama zogulira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina zokhazikitsira
Kukhazikitsa miyezo ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi yamakono. Ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu cha kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi. Kumalimbikitsa kulingalira, kukhazikitsa miyezo, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa ntchito zopanga ndi zogwirira ntchito za bizinesi komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana zoyang'anira. Ndicho chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti muwongolere bwino ndalama. Mu ndondomeko yowongolera ndalama, ntchito zinayi zotsatirazi zokhazikitsa miyezo ndizofunikira kwambiri.
1. Kuyeza muyezo wa kugula zinthu. Kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zasayansi ndi njira zoyezera kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la zinthu pa ntchito zogula zinthu, ndikupereka deta yolondola pa ntchito zogula zinthu, makamaka kuwongolera mtengo wa kugula zinthu. Ngati palibe muyezo wofanana wa muyeso, deta yoyambira si yolondola, ndipo detayo siili yofanana, sizingatheke kupeza zambiri zolondola za mtengo wa kugula zinthu, osatinso kuzilamulira.
2. Mtengo wogulira umakhala wokhazikika. Pakukonza mtengo wogulira, mitengo iwiri yoyerekeza iyenera kukhazikitsidwa. Choyamba ndi mtengo wogulira wamba, womwe ndi mtengo wamsika kapena mtengo wakale wamsika wazinthu zopangira, womwe umachitika poyesa msika pakati pa gawo lililonse lazowerengera ndalama ndi bizinesi; chachiwiri ndi mtengo wa bajeti yogulira mkati, womwe uli mu bizinesi. Njira yopangira imawerengera mtengo wovotera wazinthu zopangira kudzera mukuphatikiza zofunikira za phindu la kampani ndi mitengo yogulitsa. Miyezo yogulira ndi mitengo ya bajeti yogulira ndizofunikira kwambiri pakulamulira mtengo wogulira.
3. Kukhazikitsa mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zagulidwa. Ubwino ndiye moyo wa chinthu. Popanda ubwino, ngakhale mtengo wake utakhala wotsika bwanji, ndi kutaya ndalama. Kugula zinthu ndi kuwongolera mtengo pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu woyenera. Popanda zikalata zabwino za zinthu zomwe zagulidwa, sizingatheke kukwaniritsa bwino zofunikira pa ntchito zogula, osatinso ndalama zokwera komanso zochepa zogulira.
4. Kukhazikitsa deta ya mtengo wogulira. Pangani njira yosonkhanitsira deta ya mtengo wogulira, fotokozani maudindo a wotumiza deta ya mtengo ndi mwini akaunti, onetsetsani kuti deta ya mtengo yatumizidwa pa nthawi yake, yalowetsedwa mu akaunti munthawi yake, detayo ndi yosavuta kutumiza, ndipo kugawana chidziwitso kwachitika; sinthani njira yowerengera ndalama zogulira ndikulongosola kuwerengera ndalama zogulira Njira: Pangani tchati chowerengera ndalama kuti muwonetsetse kuti zotsatira za kuwerengera ndalama zogulira ndi zolondola.
Chachitatu, kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira zinthu pamlingo wa dongosolo logulira zinthu
1. Kuwongolera kayendetsedwe koyambira ka zinthu zogulira, kuphatikizapo kugawa ndi kugawa zinthu zogulidwa komanso kukhazikitsa database; kudziwa miyezo yowunikira yoyenerera ya ogulitsa, kugawa magawo a ogulitsa ndi kukhazikitsa database; kutsimikizira kukula kochepa kwa batch, nthawi yogulira, ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zapakidwa; Zitsanzo ndi deta yaukadaulo ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana zogulidwa.
2. Njira yogulira zinthu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pogula zinthu zambiri. Kampaniyo imapanga njira yomveka bwino ndikukhazikitsa njira yogulira zinthu, kuti kugula zinthu ndi kugula zinthu kuchepetse ndalama zogulira zinthu, makamaka kupewa kusagwirizana ndi zinthu. Kugula zinthu kwatha, ndipo mtengo wake udzawonjezeka.
3. Njira yolembetsera zidziwitso zogulira ndi kutanthauzira imayikidwa pazinthu zogula mosiyanasiyana. Zambiri zokhudza mayina azinthu zogulidwa, kuchuluka, zizindikiro za malonda, mitengo, mayina a opanga, malo ogulira, manambala a foni ndi zina ziyenera kulembetsedwa ku dipatimenti yowunikira ya kampaniyo kuti zidziwike. Kampaniyo ikhoza kutumiza munthu ngati chipani chachitatu nthawi iliyonse. Chitani kafukufuku wodziwikiratu.
4. Njira yogulira zinthu imagwira ntchito m'njira yogawanitsa anthu ndipo imaletsana. Dipatimenti yogula zinthu ili ndi udindo wosankha makampani opereka zinthu, mabungwe abwino komanso aukadaulo kuti aone momwe ogulitsa zinthu angakwanitsire kupereka zinthu, ndipo ziyeneretso zake zimatsimikiziridwa. Dipatimenti ya zachuma ili ndi udindo woyang'anira ndi kuwongolera mitengo, ndipo malipiro ake amaperekedwa ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi atsogoleri akuluakulu a kampaniyo.
5. Kuzindikira kuphatikiza njira zogulira zinthu kudzera mu kuphatikiza ogwira ntchito zogulira zinthu, fotokozani bwino zipangizo zogulira zomwe ogwira ntchito onse ogulitsa zinthu ali nazo, ndipo mtundu womwewo wa zipangizo uyenera kugulidwa ndi munthu yemweyo komanso kudzera mu njira yomweyo, pokhapokha ngati ndi chinthu chosinthika chomwe chimakonzedwa.
6. Konzani mgwirizano wogula. Pangano logula limafotokoza momveka bwino kuti wogulitsa sadzapereka ziphuphu kwa ogwira ntchito pakampani mwa njira yosalungama kuti agulitse zinthu zake, apo ayi malipirowo adzachotsedwa molingana; panganolo lidzafotokozanso mgwirizano wa kubweza ndalama zogulira.
7. Dongosolo lofufuza zogula, kukhazikitsa dongosolo lofufuza zogula, kufotokozera bwino omwe ali oyenerera komanso omwe angathe kumaliza ntchito zogulira zinthu zopangira pamtengo wotsika kwambiri kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe angakhalepo, ndikudziwa kuchuluka kwa ogulitsa. Mawu aukadaulo a njirayi amatchedwanso chitsimikizo cha ziyeneretso za Wopereka. Kuti muchite bwino pakuwongolera zogula, tsopano ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira dongosolo loyang'anira makompyuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito netiweki kuti mufufuze mwachangu ndikupeza zambiri zomwe zikufunika, kuti muwonetsetse kuti kayendetsedwe ka zogula zogula ndi kogwira mtima kwambiri komanso kuti mupeze zotsatira za zofufuza.
8. Khazikitsani ubale wokhazikika wa mgwirizano ndi ogulitsa, ogulitsa okhazikika ali ndi kuthekera kopereka zinthu mwamphamvu, kuwonekera bwino pamitengo, mgwirizano wa nthawi yayitali, ali ndi makonzedwe enaake ofunikira pakugulitsa kwa kampaniyo, ndipo amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zawo zili bwino, kuchuluka ndi kutumiza. Nthawi, mtengo, ndi zina zotero. Kuyang'anira kugula kuyenera kuwonetsa kufunika kwakukulu pakukweza mwayi wopikisana wa unyolo wonse wopereka zinthu, kukhazikitsa ubale wokhazikika wa mgwirizano wa nthawi yayitali komanso wokhazikika ndi ogulitsa abwino momwe angathere, kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa zinthu ndi ukadaulo woperekedwa, kuthandizira chitukuko cha ogulitsa, ndikusaina mgwirizano wanzeru nawo pakafunika kutero. Mgwirizano wa Mgwirizano ndi zina zotero.
4. Njira ndi njira zochepetsera ndalama zogulira zinthu pamlingo wogulira
1. Chepetsani ndalama zogulira posankha njira zolipirira. Ngati kampani ili ndi ndalama zokwanira, kapena ngati chiwongola dzanja cha banki chili chotsika, ingagwiritse ntchito njira yopezera ndalama, yomwe nthawi zambiri ingapangitse kuti mtengo ukhale wotsika kwambiri, koma izi zimakhudza momwe ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito za kampaniyo zimagwirira ntchito.
2. Dziwani nthawi yosinthira mitengo. Mitengo nthawi zambiri imasintha malinga ndi nyengo komanso kupezeka kwa zinthu pamsika komanso kufunikira kwa zinthu. Chifukwa chake, ogula ayenera kulabadira lamulo la kusintha kwa mitengo ndikumvetsetsa nthawi yogulira.
3. Khalani ndi ogulitsa pogwiritsa ntchito mpikisano wopikisana. Pogula zinthu zambiri, njira yothandiza ndiyo kukhazikitsa mpikisano wopikisana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mtengo wotsika poyerekezera mitengo pakati pa ogulitsa. Kudzera mu kusankha ndi kufananiza ogulitsa osiyanasiyana kuti athetse wina ndi mnzake, kuti kampaniyo ikhale pamalo abwino pakukambirana.
4. Kugula zinthu mwachindunji kuchokera kwa wopanga. Kuyitanitsa zinthu mwachindunji kuchokera kwa wopanga kungachepetse maulalo apakati komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito zaukadaulo za wopanga komanso ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa idzakhala yabwinoko.
5. Sankhani ogulitsa odalirika ndikusainirana nawo mapangano a nthawi yayitali. Kugwirizana ndi ogulitsa oona mtima komanso odalirika sikungotsimikizira ubwino wa katunduyo komanso kutumiza kwake panthawi yake, komanso kulandira malipiro ndi mtengo wabwino.
6. Kuchita kafukufuku mokwanira ndi kusonkhanitsa chidziwitso cha msika wogula zinthu, kupanga zinthu zogulitsa, ndikukulitsa unyolo wamakampani kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuti akwaniritse kasamalidwe ka kugula zinthu pa bizinesi, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kafukufuku wa msika wogula zinthu komanso kusonkhanitsa ndi kusanja chidziwitso. Mwanjira imeneyi yokha ndi momwe tingamvetsetse bwino momwe msika ulili komanso momwe mitengo ikuyendera, ndikudziyika pamalo abwino.
Chachisanu, kuchepetsa ziphuphu zogulira zinthu kumakhudza kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira zinthu kwa makampani
Oyang'anira makampani ena ananena mosapita m'mbali kuti: “Kugula ziphuphu n’kosatheka kupewedwa, ndipo makampani ambiri sangathe kuthawa chopinga ichi.” Ichi ndi chowonadi chakuti ogwira ntchito yogula zinthu amalandira yuan imodzi kuchokera kwa ogulitsa, zomwe mosakayikira zidzawononga yuan khumi pamtengo wogula. Kuti tipeze mayankho a vutoli lamtunduwu, tiyenera kuchitapo kanthu m'mbali izi: kumanga udindo wa ntchito, kusankha ndi kuphunzitsa antchito, khalidwe logula zinthu, kumanga makina owunikira magwiridwe antchito, ndi zina zotero.
Kugula malo omanga kumafuna kukhazikitsa malo osiyanasiyana olumikizirana ndi kugula, kuti athetse vuto losagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zogulira mopitirira muyeso, kudziletsa, kuyang'anira ndi kuthandizana, komanso nthawi yomweyo kuti asakhudze chidwi cha ogwira ntchito pa malo aliwonse.
Kusankha antchito, njira zosankhira ntchito iliyonse ya ogwira ntchito yoyang'anira kugula zinthu ayenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe awa: luso linalake laukadaulo komanso kulumikizana, kudziwa malamulo, ukhondo, ndi zina zotero, komanso kuyesetsa kupewa achibale a oyang'anira dipatimenti yogula zinthu kuti asayambe bizinesi yogula zinthu.
Luso laukadaulo silimangotanthauza kumvetsetsa bwino makhalidwe a zipangizo zopangira, komanso lingaliro lomveka bwino la njira yoyendetsera zinthu zopangira; khalidwe loyera ndilofunika kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito ogula omwe nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ndi ndalama, ngakhale kuti oyang'anira mkati mwa kampani achitapo kanthu pa njira zosiyanasiyana, koma kwa ogwira ntchito yogula zinthu kutsogolo, n'kosavuta kukumana ndi mayesero osiyanasiyana omwe amaperekedwa mwachangu ndi ogulitsa. Momwe mungapewere kuyika misampha kumbuyo kwa chiyesocho kumafuna kuti ogwira ntchito yogula zinthu okha akhale ndi umphumphu ndi umphumphu. Kudziwa malamulo ndi zina zotero.
Khazikitsani dongosolo lonse la ntchito mu dipatimenti yogula zinthu, fotokozani kuti njira zopangira zisankho ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito zogula zinthu ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino, zowonekera bwino, ndikuyang'anira ndi kuletsana; tsatirani mosamala mfundo zogwirira ntchito za "kukonzekera pasadakhale, kuwongolera mwamphamvu panthawi ya chochitikacho, ndi kusanthula mosamala ndi chidule pambuyo pake" kuti muwonetsetse kuti Mukugula ndikupereka zipangizo ndi zipangizo zapamwamba komanso zotsika mtengo zomwe zikukwaniritsa zofunikira;
Kukhazikitsa "ntchito yonse, njira yonse, kuyang'anira kugula," ndikuthetsa motsimikiza zachinyengo zachinsinsi, kuvomereza, kubwezera, ndi machitidwe olanga, osaloledwa, komanso aupandu omwe amawononga zofuna za kampani panjira yogulira ndi kupereka, komanso mphatso ndi ndalama za mphatso za wogulitsa zomwe sizingakanidwe, ziyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo ku kampani kuti ziperekedwe; kuphunzitsa ogula kukonda ntchito zawo, kuchita ntchito zawo, kukhala okhulupirika ku kampani, kukhala ndi udindo pa kampani, kusunga zofuna za kampani, kusunga zinsinsi za kampani, ndikuteteza ufulu waukadaulo.
Kuyesa magwiridwe antchito ndi njira yogawa malipiro Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti dipatimenti iliyonse yogulira ndi yogula iwunike momwe ntchito iliyonse yogulira ikuyendera. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyambitsa ndikupanga njira zoyendetsera sayansi, zomwe ndi miyezo yowunikira magwiridwe antchito, zomwe zingalimbikitse kupitiliza kwa maulalo onse oyendetsera kugula. Kukonza, kupereka chitsimikizo ndi chilimbikitso kuntchito yogwira mtima, ndikukwaniritsa bwino malo ogwirira ntchito pomwe magwiridwe antchito amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa ndalama.
Monga mkulu wogula, sikuti mbali zisanu zomwe zili pamwambapa zimagwira ntchito kokha, komanso chofunika kwambiri, kukhazikitsa chithunzi chabwino cha anthu ndi madipatimenti pakugula, kukhala okhulupirika ku kampani, kuchitira anthu zinthu moona mtima, komanso kukhala okhwima kwa ogwira ntchito, zomwe zidzasunga ndalama zogulira. Kukonza bwino zinthu n'koyenera mpikisano wamsika wa mabizinesi.
Phukusi la utawaleza la Shanghai Perekani ma phukusi okongoletsera amodzi okha. Ngati mumakonda zinthu zathu, mutha kulumikizana nafe,
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Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-30-2021