He wāhanga nui te ngongo i roto i te takai matū o ia rā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mara hua pēnei i te kirīmi ringaringa, ngā hua horoi, ngā hua ārai rā me ērā atu. Ko ngā paninga mata ngongo tuku iho he paninga polyurethane rua-wāhanga e hangai ana ki te whakarewa. Ahakoa he pai te mahi a ngā paninga polyurethane rua-wāhanga i runga i te ngāwari o te paninga me te tā tuarua (parahi), he teitei ake te mahi ki te 80%. Nā te ihirangi VOC i runga ake nei ka whakawhāitihia te tono, inā koa i ngā tau tata nei, me te kaha tonu o te mōhiotanga tiaki taiao o te whenua me ngā tāngata o tō tātou whenua, ko te hanga me te whakamahi i ngā paninga ihirangi VOC teitei kei raro i te tirotiro tino. Kua tae ki te whakaae ko ngā paninga ngongo hoa taiao chei whakakapi i ngā paninga tuku iho he nui te ihirangi VOC.
I tēnei wā, ko ngā paninga e mōhiotia ana he pai mō te taiao ko: 1. Ngā paninga wai-wai me te ihirangi VOC iti iho i te 10%; 2. Ngā paninga totoka-nui, tae atu ki ngā paninga totoka-katoa me te ihirangi totoka neke atu i te 85%. Nā te mea ko te rauemi turanga ngongo o nāianei he rauemi polyethylene (PE), nā ngā āhuatanga o te iti o te mānukanuka mata me te iti o te polarity o tēnei momo rauemi, kāore he tauira tono pakeke mō ngā paninga wai-wai i roto i te paninga ngongo. Ko ngā paninga UV-totoka-nui (ngā paninga UV-whakaora) kua waiho hei whiringa tuatahi mō ngā paninga taiao mō ngā ngongo i tēnei wā nā te mea he pai te whai hua, he penapena pūngao, he tiaki taiao. Heoi, nā ngā āhuatanga o ngā paninga UV-whakaora, ina whakamahi te tangata i ngā paninga UV-whakaora mō te hanga rauemi tākai ngongo matū o ia rā, ka tūtaki rātou ki ngā raruraru pēnei i te ātete ngoikore o te paninga ki te koroheketanga mārama, te ngāwari o te kōwhai, te pakaru o te paninga, te ngoikore o te ātete kakahu, te uaua o te tā tuarua (te parahi), te haunga kino i muri i te peita, me ētahi atu.
Ka tīmata tēnei tuhinga mai i ngā mātāpono taketake o ngā paninga whakamaroke UV, me te whakamahinga tuturu, ā, ka matapakihia hohonutia ngā raruraru matua kua whakahuatia ake nei i roto i te tukanga paninga me te whakapaipai tuarua o ngā rauemi tākai ngongo e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā matū o ia rā. I runga i te arotau i te tauira paninga, e ai ki te āhuatanga tuturu motuhake o te kaihanga rauemi tākai ka hoatu he otinga motuhake ki ēnei raruraru.
He Kupu Whakataki ki ngā Paninga Whakamaroke UV
He hangarau hou "kakariki" e tere whanake ana te whakamaroke whakaahua. Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1970, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hangarau whakamaroke whakaahua i roto i ngā paninga, waituhi, kaihoko hononga me ngā mara hauora. I roto i ēnei, ko te hangarau whakamaroke mārama ultraviolet (whakamaroke UV) te hangarau whakamaroke mārama e whakamahia whānuitia ana i tēnei wā. Ko te nuinga o ngā paninga UV he mea hanga mai i ngā kaiwhakaoho whakaahua, ngā kapia me ngā monomer kāore i te mākū, ngā tāpiringa whakahaere mata me ngā tae me ngā whakakī e tika ana. I roto i te mara o te whakapaipai mata o ngā rauemi takai matū o ia rā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hangarau whakamaroke UV i roto i te rehu, te tā me ētahi atu mara. I roto i te paninga o ngā rauemi takai ngongo matū o ia rā, ko ngā paninga ka taea te whakamaroke UV e tohuhia ana e te tere o te whakamaroke, te kanapa o te mata, te ātete pai ki te rakuraku, me te ihirangi totoka teitei. Hei rauemi paninga hoa-taiao hou, i ngā tau tata nei kua nui haere te aro o te tangata.
Heoi, pērā i ngā rauemi katoa, he raruraru anō hoki ō ngā paninga UV-whakaora pērā i te kōwhai, te ngatata, me te ātete ngoikore i te wā e whakamahia ana. Ka arotahi tēnei tuhinga ki te matapaki i ngā raruraru maha o ngā paninga UV e whakamahia ana ki ngā ngongo. , mai i ngā take o ngā raruraru, ka whakatakotohia ngā tikanga hei whakaoti i ēnei raruraru mai i te hoahoa tauira paninga ki te tukanga hanga paninga.
Ngā raruraru matua me ngā otinga ina pania ngā paninga whakamaroke UV ki ngā rauemi takai ngongo matū o ia rā.
Ngā take me ngā otinga o te kōwhaitanga
Ko te take matua mō te kōwhai o ngā paninga kua whakamaroketia ki te UV he mea kei roto i te paninga he hanganga ngota e taea ai te mimiti i te mārama ultraviolet o tētahi roangaru motuhake. I muri i te mimiti i te mārama ultraviolet o tētahi roangaru motuhake, ka puta he whakawhiti taumata pūngao i ēnei matū, ā, ka mutu ka puta he waikura o te paninga. Ina kore te nui o te waikura e teitei, ka huri kowhai te āhua, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te "kōwhai".
(Pikitia maui – te āhua kōwhai, pikitia matau – noa)
Ko ngā wāhanga matua o ngā paninga UV e taea ai te mimiti i te hihi ultraviolet ko:
1. Te toenga o te photoinitiator (koinei te matū tino nui e puta ai te kōwhai)
2. Hanganga ngota kei roto te mahi UV (ko tēnei wāhanga o te paninga UV he matū kei roto te hanganga mowhiti benzene i roto i te kapia UV, i te monomer rānei)
3. Ngā here toenga kāore anō kia rongoatia, me ētahi atu matū ngāwari te waikura (pērā i ngā rōpū amino, me ētahi atu)
Ngā take me ngā otinga o te pakaru o te paninga
Ko ngā take matua mō te piko me te ngatata o te paninga: 1. Kāore i te pai te piri o te paninga ki te papa; 2. He iti te roa o te paninga i te wā e whati ana i muri i te whakamaroke. Ko te kīwaha rongonui, kāore i te pai te pakari o te paninga.
Ngā otinga mō te pakaru o te paninga:
1. Mai i te hoahoa tauira, ka whakaratohia he paninga he pai ake te piri me te pakari;
2. Mai i te whakahaere i te tukanga paninga, ko ngā tikanga motuhake ko: 1. Te maimoatanga o mua i te papa, pērā i te mura, te korona me ētahi atu maimoatanga i runga i te papa, te maimoatanga rānei o mua i te kaihoko maimoatanga paninga, hei whakanui ake i te kaha o te mata o te papa, hei whakapai ake hoki i te kounga o te papa. 2. I te wā o te tukanga paninga, me whakaiti tika te matotoru o te paninga, me whakanui ake hoki i te pāmahana whakamaroke me te kaha whakamaroke UV.
Ngā take me ngā otinga o te kakara kino
Ka hongi te ngongo pania i te haunga kino ina whakatakotoria te hua, inā koa mēnā ka hiritia te hua ki roto i te putea tākai mō te wā roa, ina whakatuwheratia te putea tākai. Ko te take matua mō ēnei kakara kino ko ngā matū ngota iti e toe ana i roto i te kiriata peita ka heke ki te mata o te paninga i roto i te wā, ka memeha ki te hau, ka kohikohi tonu i roto i te taiao kati. Ko ngā pūtake o ēnei matū ngota iti e kore e memeha ko ngā whakarewa toenga (ngā whakarewa kāore i tino memeha), ngā monomer ngota iti toenga (te whakamaroke kāore i oti), me ngā matū ngota iti i hangaia e ngā photoinitiator me ō rātou pakaru (e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko ngā toenga tīmatanga).
Ngā huarahi hei whakakore i te haunga i muri i te whakamaroke:
1. Mai i te hoahoa whakatakotoranga, whakamahia he pūnaha whakaoho kaha rawa hei whakaiti i te nui o te whakaoho e whakamahia ana; whakanuia te ihirangi o ngā wāhanga maha-mahi i roto i te pūnaha, me te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga kirihou tika hei whakaiti i te nui o ngā monomer ngota iti, inā koa ngā ngota iti kotahi-mahi. Te whakamahinga o te Monomer.
2. Mai i te tirohanga o te whakahaere tukanga paninga, mā te whakaiti tika i te matotoru o te paninga, te whakanui ake i te pāmahana whakamaroke, me te pūngao whakamaroke UV ka taea te whakaiti i te whakaputanga o ngā kakara kino.
Tirohia. Ngā take me ngā otinga mō te ātete ngoikore o te ngongo matte ki te rakuraku
Ko te take o te ātete ngoikore o te paninga matte ko te pānga matte o te paninga e puta ake ana i te whakaata marara o te mata paninga ki te mārama, ā, ko te whakaata marara o te mata paninga e puta ake ana i te taratara o te mata paninga me te mata paninga. Ka puta te kore hototahi o te paparanga tonu. Ina mirimirihia he mata taratara, ka nui ake te waku, ka ngawari ake te rakuraku o te paninga i te mata kanapa. Hei tāpiri, ka whakangarohia e ngā matū paura i roto i te paninga matte te kounga o te mata paninga ki tētahi taumata, koinei tētahi o ngā take he nui ake te tūponotanga o te rakuraku o te paninga matte i te paninga kanapa.
(He ngāwari te rakuraku i te ngongo ma, ā, ka huri mā ina miria)
Ngā otinga mō ngā karawarawa:
1. Mai i te hoahoa tohatoha, mā te whakamahi i tētahi wāhanga o te kapia matte hei whakakapi i ngā wāhanga paura i roto i te peita ka taea te whakaiti i te taratara o te mata paninga me te whakanui ake i te ōwehenga tae-turanga o te paninga i raro i te kaupapa o te whakarite i te taumata matte o te paninga, ā, hei whakamutunga ka eke ki te Whakapai ake i te ātete ki te rakuraku o ngā mata paninga matte.
2. Mai i te whakahaere i te tukanga paninga, te whakaiti tika i te matotoru o te paninga, te whakanui ake i te pāmahana whakamaroke, me te kaha whakamaroke UV ka taea te whakapai ake i te ātete ki te rakuraku o te mata paninga matte.
Tangata. Ngā take me ngā otinga mō te ngoikore o te mahi tā wera
Ko ngā take matua mō te ngoikore o te mahi tā wera ko: 1. Kāore te paninga e ōrite ki te pepa tā wera, ka hua ake he tā wera kāore i oti, he piri kino rānei; Tuarua, he kore pumau te whakahaere tukanga i te wā e tā wera ana.
Ngā otinga mō te koretake o te tā wera:
1. Mai i te tirohanga o te hanganga, ka whakauru auaha a Weixi Chemical i ngā matū he āhuatanga tairongo ki te pāmahana ki roto i te hanganga. He pakeke rawa ēnei matū, he iti hoki te kukū o te mata i te pāmahana rūma, engari ina tae te pāmahana, ina nui ake rānei i tōna pāmahana whakawhiti āhua, ka pāngia tēnei momo rauemi e te whakawhiti āhua me te hekenga koi o te pakeke me te pikinga o te kukū o te mata. I te wā o te tukanga tā wera, nā te mea ka piki tere te pāmahana o te wāhanga tā wera ki runga ake i te pāmahana whakawhiti āhua o te matū, ka tino heke te pakeke o te wāhanga tā wera, ka piki ake te kukū o te mata, ā, ka pai ake te piri i waenga i te pepa tā wera me te paninga me te pumau o te tā wera. Ina oti te tukanga parahi, ka heke te pāmahana ki raro iho i te pāmahana whakawhiti āhua, ā, ka hoki mai te pakeke o te paninga.
2. Mai i te tirohanga o te whakahaere tukanga, me whiriwhiri te pepa parahi me te tukanga e ōrite ana ki te paninga, ā, me whakanui ake i te pāmahana parahi me te kaha pēhi i te wā e parahi ana, he mea pai tēnei hei whakapai ake i te pumau me te piri o te parahi.
Ka whakakapia haeretia ngā paninga polyurethane e rua ngā wāhanga e te waini ngongo PE momo-UV. He whakaritenga hanga haumaru ā-motu, hanga ma, whakaiti tukunga waro, me te tiaki taiao. Ka taea te whakatau i ētahi raruraru e puta ake ana i te wā hanga waini UV mā te waini. Ka whakatauhia ngātahitia te whakatikatika tauira a te kaihanga, te whakatikatika tukanga a te kaihanga taputapu me te wheketere ngongo.
Te kamupene ahumahi āniwaniwa o Shanghaiwhakarato i te otinga kotahi-mutu mō te takai whakapaipai. Mena he pai ki a koe ā mātou hua, ka taea e koe te whakapā mai ki a mātou,
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Wā tuku: Hanuere-06-2023