Kupu Whakataki: Ko te tukanga whakawhiti wera, he tukanga noa i roto i te maimoatanga mata o ngā rauemi takai whakapaipai, nā te mea he ngāwari ki te tā, ā, ka taea te whakarite i te tae me te tauira. He tukanga e pai ana ki ngā kaipupuri waitohu. Ko te mea e whai ake nei i whakatikahia eMōkihi RB.Me whakapuaki tātou i ētahi raruraru kounga me ngā otinga noa, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga whai pānga o te whakawhiti wera, hei tohutoro māu i roto i te mekameka tuku o Youpin:
Te whakawhiti wera
Ko te tukanga whakawhiti wera e pā ana ki te pepa whakawhiti kua pania ki ngā tae, ki ngā tae rānei hei reo, mā te whakamahana, te pēhanga me ētahi atu tikanga hei whakawhiti i te tauira o te paparanga waituhi i runga i te reo ki te tikanga tā. Ko te kaupapa matua o te whakawhiti wera ko te whakapā tika atu ki te reo kua pania ki te waituhi ki te papa. Mā te whakamahana me te pēhanga o te pane tā wera me te rango tā, ka rewa te waituhi i runga i te reo ka whakawhiti ki te papa hei whiwhi i te mea tā e hiahiatia ana.
01Ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whakawhiti wera
1) Pane tā wera
Ko te pane tā wera he mea hanga nui mai i te kiriata tiaki mata, te kiriata tiaki raro, me ngā wāhanga whakamahana. Ko te wāhanga whakamahana he mata hiraka kawe hiko. Mā te wera e hangaia ana e te pāoro hiko, ka whakairohia, ka whakarewahia ngā matūriki matotoru o te paparanga waituhi o te wāhanga whakairoiro hei whakaoti i te whakawhiti waituhi.
Ko te tere o te tānga o te whakawhiti wera e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wā e hiahiatia ana mō ia rārangi whakairoiro me te tuhinga. Nō reira, me pai te whakawhiti wera o te pane whakawhiti wera me te pepa whakawhiti, kia tere ai te whiti o te wera i hangaia e te wāhanga whakamahana mā roto i te paparanga tiaki, te papa pepa whakawhiti me te āputa, ā, i te mutunga ki te mata o te papa, kia nui ai te wā whakawhiti o te waituhi.
2) Waituhi
Ko te hanganga o te waituhi whakawhiti wera he wāhanga e toru: te tae (tae, tae rānei), te ware pi me te hinu, ko te ware pi te wāhanga matua o te waituhi whakawhiti wera. Ko te hanganga taketake o te waituhi whakawhiti wera whānui ka taea te tirotiro i te Ripanga 1.
Ko te Ripanga 2 tētahi tauira o te whakatakotoranga waituhi whakawhiti wera mō te tā mata. Ka whakarewaina te N-methoxymethyl polyamide ki roto i te waipiro benzyl, te toluene, te etanoru me ētahi atu whakarewa, ka tāpirihia ngā tae ātete wera me te bentonite hei whakaoho, kātahi ka hurihia hei waituhi tā mata. Ka tāia te waituhi ki runga i tētahi kaikawe (pērā i te pepa whakawhiti wera) mā te whakamahi i te tikanga tā mata, kātahi ka pēhia te papanga ki te wera, ka whakawhitia.
I te wā e tā ana, he hononga tika te matotoru o ngā waituhi rerekē ki te pāmahana whakamahana, ā, me tino whakahaere te pāmahana whakamahana me te matotoru o te waituhi. Kua whakamātauhia e te mahi, ina 60~100 ℃ te pāmahana whakamahana, ina rewa te waituhi, ka pumau te uara matotoru o te waituhi ki te 0.6 Pa·s, koinei te mea tino pai. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te tata o te waituhi ki tēnei āhua, ko te pai ake o te mahi whakawhiti.
I ngā tau tata nei, nā te whakapainga o te hangarau mōkihi āniwaniwa o Shanghai, kua piki ake te pāmahana rokiroki o ngā hua tānga mai i te 45 ℃ taketake ki te 60 ℃, ā, kua whānui ake te whānuitanga o te whakawhiti wera. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakamahi i ngā tae mārama, ngā tae mārama rānei ka puta he pānga tae pai mō ngā tānga tae.
3) Whakawhiti pāpāho
He rerekē ngā āhuatanga o ngā papa rerekē, nō reira, i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i te pepa whakawhiti, me aro koe ki ngā āhuatanga tohutoro e whai ake nei o te papa.
①Te mahi ā-tinana
Kei te Ripanga 3 ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te pepa whakawhiti.
Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā papa pepa whakawhiti wera e toru kei runga ake nei. Ka taea te whakaaro ki ēnei āhuatanga e toru i te wā e whiriwhiri ana:
Ko te matotoru o te papa kaua e neke atu i te 20 μm;
Me tino maeneene te papa o raro kia pai ai te tere o te whakawhiti o te mangumangu;
Me nui te kaha o te papa kia kore ai e haehae i te wā e tukatukahia ana, e tāia ana hoki te pepa whakawhiti.
②Ngā āhuatanga matū
Ko te piri pai me te ōrite o te waituhi he whakaaturanga nui e rua o ngā āhuatanga matū o te papa pepa whakawhiti. I roto i te whakaputanga, ka pā tika ngā āhuatanga matū o te pepa whakawhiti ki te kounga o te tānga. Mena kāore e taea e te pepa whakawhiti te piri pai o te waituhi, ki te kore rānei te nui o te waituhi e mōhiotia whānuitia i roto i te whakaputanga, ka waiho hei maumau tānga. Me ahu mai te tukanga tā pai me ngā tānga pai i te mārama pai ki ngā āhuatanga matū o te pepa whakawhiti.
③He pai te mahi wera
I te mea ka whakatinanahia te tukanga whakawhiti mā te pāmahana teitei, me āhei te rauemi o te pepa whakawhiti ki te tu atu i te awe o te pāmahana whakawhiti, me te pupuri i ngā āhuatanga kia kore e rerekē. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te whakaatu mēnā he pai te mahi wera o te papa o te pepa whakawhiti wera e ēnei āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
Ko te iti o te ātete wera o te papa ātete wera, ko te angiangi o te matotoru, ko te pai ake o te whakawhiti wera, ā, ko te pai ake o tōna mahi wera;
Māeneene Mēnā he māeneene te mata o te papa, he iti ake te ātete ki te wera, ā, he pai ake te mahi wera;
Ko te pāmahana o te pane tā wera ātete-wera he tata ki te 300 ℃, ā, me whakarite te papa kia kore e rerekē te mahi matua i tēnei pāmahana.
4) Papa raro
He pai ake te kounga tā o ngā papa he paku taratara te mata, he āhuatanga nui tēnei o te whakawhiti wera. Nā te mea he taratara te mata o te papa e tohu ana he nui te kaha o te mata o te papa, ka taea te whakawhiti pai i te waituhi i runga i te pepa whakawhiti ki te papa, ā, ka taea te whiwhi i te taumata me te oro pai rawa atu; engari ki te taratara rawa ka pā ki te kounga waituhi. Kāore te whakawhiti noa e pai mō te whakatutukitanga o te tukanga tā.
02Ngā hapa kounga noa
1) Ka puta he tauira i te putanga katoa
Āhuatanga: Ka puta ngā ira me ngā tauira ki te whārangi katoa.
Ngā take: he iti rawa te matotoru o te waituhi, kāore i te tika te koki o te squeegee, kāore i te rawaka te pāmahana whakamaroke waituhi, te hiko pateko, me ētahi atu.
Te Whakakore: whakanuia te matotoru, whakarerekētia te koki o te waru, whakanuia te pāmahana o te oumu, ā, pania te kaihopu hiko ki te tuara o te kiriata.
2) Te moe
Āhuatanga: Ka puta ngā rārangi rite ki te kōmeta i te taha kotahi o te tauira, ā, he maha ngā wā ka puta i runga i te mangumangu mā me te taha o te tauira.
Ko ngā take matua: he nui ngā matūriki tae waituhi, kāore i te ma te waituhi, he teitei te matotoru, he hiko pateko, me ētahi atu.
Te Whakakorenga: tātarihia te mangumangu ka tangohia te squeegee hei whakaiti i te kukū; ka taea te whakakoi i te mangumangu mā hei whakamaroke hiko i te kiriata, te whakamahi i ngā chopsticks whakakoi hei waru i waenga i te squeegee me te pereti, te tāpiri rānei i tētahi kaihoko hiko.
3) Kāore i te pai te rēhitatanga tae, e whakaatu ana i te raro
Āhuatanga: Ka puta te rerekētanga tae rōpū ina taupatupatuhia ētahi tae, inā koa ki te tae papamuri.
Ko ngā take matua: he iti te tika me te rerekētanga o te mīhini; he ngoikore te hanga pereti; he koretake te whānui me te whakawhāiti i te tae papamuri.
Kaua e whakaurua: whakamahia te rama strobe hei rēhita ā-ringa; hangaia anō te pereti; whakawhanuitia, whakawhāititia rānei i raro i te awe o te pānga tirohanga o te tauira, kaua rānei he mā i tētahi wāhanga iti o te tauira.
4) Kāore i te mārama te mangumangu
Āhuatanga: Ka puta he kopare ki runga i te kiriata kua tāia.
Take: He wetekina te pupuri waru; kāore i te ma te whakatakotoranga.
Te Whakakorenga: whakatikatika anō i te waru, ā, whakapirihia te pupuri maripi; horoia te pereti tā ki te paura whakakore poke mēnā e tika ana; tāutahia he pūnaha hau whakamuri i waenganui i te pereti me te waru.
5) Ka heke te tae o te tānga
Āhuatanga: Ka puta te kiri tae i te wāhanga ā-rohe o ngā tauira nunui, inā koa i te kiriata i mua i te maimoatanga o te karāhe tānga me te maitai kore waikura.
Ngā take: ka tihorea te paparanga tae ina tāia ki te kiriata tukatuka; hiko pateko; he matotoru te paparanga waituhi tae, ā, kāore i te tino maroke.
Whakakorenga: Whakanuia te pāmahana o te oumu, whakaitihia hoki te tere.
6) Te kore e pakari i te wā whakawhiti
Āhuatanga: Ka ngāwari te tango i te paparanga tae e whakawhitihia ana ki runga i te papa mā te rīpene e whakamahia ana mō te whakamātautau.
Take: he wehewehenga hē, he paparanga rānei, nā te mea kāore te paparanga i te ōrite ki te papa o raro.
Whakakorenga: Whakakapia anō te piripiri tuku (mēnā e tika ana, me whakatikatika); whakakapia te piripiri o muri e ōrite ana ki te rauemi turanga.
7) Ārai-piripiri
Āhuatanga: Ka tihore te paparanga waituhi i te wā e hoki whakamuri ana, ā, ka nui te tangi.
Ngā take: te nui rawa o te kume o te takai, te maroke rawa o te waituhi, te matotoru rawa o te tapanga i te wā e tirotirohia ana, te pāmahana me te haumākū o roto ngoikore, te hiko pateko, te tere nui o te tā, me ētahi atu.
Te Whakakore: Whakaitihia te kukū o te takai, whakaitihia rānei te tere tā kia maroke rawa, whakahaeretia te pāmahana me te haumākū o roto, ā, pania ki te matū hiko.
8) Te pūwāhi taka
Āhuatanga: Ka puta mai ngā ira kikokore e ngaro haere ana (he rite ki ngā ira kāore e taea te tā) ki te tukutuku pāpaku.
Take: Kāore te waituhi e piki ake.
Te Whakakorenga: Horoia te tahora, whakamahia he roera momi hiko, whakahōhonutia ngā ira, whakarerekētia te pēhanga o te squeegee, me te whakaiti i te matotoru o te mangumangu me te kore e pā ki ētahi atu āhuatanga.
9) Ka puta he ngaru rite ki te kiri karaka i te wā e tā ana i te koura, te hiriwa, me te peara
Āhuatanga: He nui ngā riu o te koura, te hiriwa, me te pērara, ā, he rite ki te kiri karaka te āhua ki te mea kei runga i tētahi wāhi nui.
Take: He nui rawa ngā matūriki koura, hiriwa, me te pērara, ā, kāore e taea te horapa ōrite ki roto i te paepae waituhi, ka hua ake he mātotoru kāore i te ōrite.
Te Whakakorenga: I mua i te tānga, me whakataurite te waituhi, kātahi ka pania te waituhi ki te paepae waituhi mā te papu, ā, me whakatakoto he ngongo pupuhi kirihou ki runga i te paepae waituhi; whakaitihia te tere tā.
10) Te ngoikore o te tāruarua o ngā taumata tānga
Āhuatanga: Ko ngā tauira he nui rawa te whakawhiti whakarōpūtanga (pēnei i te 15% - 100%) ka kore e tā i te wāhanga mata mārama, kāore i te rawaka te mātotoru i te wāhanga oro pouri, kāore rānei e kitea ngā hononga i te wāhanga oro waenga.
Take: He nui rawa te whānuitanga whakawhiti o ngā ira, ā, kāore i te pai te piri o te waituhi ki te kiriata.
Te whakakore: whakamahia he roera momi hiko; wehea kia rua ngā pereti.
11) He mārama te kanapa o te mea tā
Āhuatanga: He mārama ake te tae o te hua kua tāia i te tauira, inā koa ka tāia te hiriwa.
Take: he iti rawa te matotoru o te waituhi.
Kaua e whakamahia: te tāpiri i te waituhi mata hei whakanui ake i te matotoru o te waituhi ki te nui e tika ana.
12) He tapa kōpikopiko te tuhinga mā
Te Āhuatanga: He maha ngā wā ka puta ngā tapa koikoi ki ngā taha o ngā tuhinga e hiahia ana kia nui te mā.
Ngā take: kāore i te tino angiangi ngā matūriki me ngā tae o te mangumangu; he iti te matotoru o te mangumangu, me ētahi atu.
Kaua e whakamahia: whakakoi i te maripi, tāpirihia rānei ngā tāpiringa; whakatikahia te koki o te squeegee; whakanuia te matotoru o te waituhi; hurihia te pereti whakairo hiko ki te pereti laser.
13) Paninga kore taurite o te kiriata paninga-mua o te maitai kore waikura (paninga silicone)
Ko te maimoatanga o mua o te kiriata (paninga silicon) ka mahia i mua i te tānga i te kiriata whakawhiti kowiri tira, kia taea ai te whakatau i te raruraru o te kiri paru o te paparanga waituhi i te wā o te tukanga whakawhiti (kei runga te paparanga waituhi i te kiriata ina neke ake te pāmahana i te 145°C). Te uaua ki te kiri.
Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā papa pepa whakawhiti wera e toru kei runga ake nei. Ka taea te whakaaro ki ēnei āhuatanga e toru i te wā e whiriwhiri ana:
Ko te matotoru o te papa kaua e neke atu i te 20 μm;
Me tino maeneene te papa o raro kia pai ai te tere o te whakawhiti o te mangumangu;
Me nui te kaha o te papa kia kore ai e haehae i te wā e tukatukahia ana, e tāia ana hoki te pepa whakawhiti.
②Ngā āhuatanga matū
Ko te piri pai me te ōrite o te waituhi he whakaaturanga nui e rua o ngā āhuatanga matū o te papa pepa whakawhiti. I roto i te whakaputanga, ka pā tika ngā āhuatanga matū o te pepa whakawhiti ki te kounga o te tānga. Mena kāore e taea e te pepa whakawhiti te piri pai o te waituhi, ki te kore rānei te nui o te waituhi e mōhiotia whānuitia i roto i te whakaputanga, ka waiho hei maumau tānga. Me ahu mai te tukanga tā pai me ngā tānga pai i te mārama pai ki ngā āhuatanga matū o te pepa whakawhiti.
③He pai te mahi wera
I te mea ka whakatinanahia te tukanga whakawhiti mā te pāmahana teitei, me āhei te rauemi o te pepa whakawhiti ki te tu atu i te awe o te pāmahana whakawhiti, me te pupuri i ngā āhuatanga kia kore e rerekē. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te whakaatu mēnā he pai te mahi wera o te papa o te pepa whakawhiti wera e ēnei āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
Ko te iti o te ātete wera o te papa ātete wera, ko te angiangi o te matotoru, ko te pai ake o te whakawhiti wera, ā, ko te pai ake o tōna mahi wera;
Māeneene Mēnā he māeneene te mata o te papa, he iti ake te ātete ki te wera, ā, he pai ake te mahi wera;
Ko te pāmahana o te pane tā wera ātete-wera he tata ki te 300 ℃, ā, me whakarite te papa kia kore e rerekē te mahi matua i tēnei pāmahana.
Āhuatanga: He rārangi, he miro, me ētahi atu mea kei runga i te kiriata.
Take: Kāore i te rawaka te pāmahana (kāore i te rawaka te pirau o te silicon), te ōwehenga koretake o ngā whakarewa.
Kaua e whakamahia: Whakanuia te pāmahana o te oumu ki tētahi teitei kua whakaritea.
Kamupene Ahumahi Āniwaniwa o Shanghai, Ltdko te kaihanga, te mōkihi āniwaniwa o Shanghai e whakarato ana i te takai whakapaipai kotahi-mutu. Mena he pai ki a koe ā mātou hua, ka taea e koe te whakapiri mai ki a mātou,
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Wā tuku: Oketopa-25-2021