Isingeniso: Isikhunta siyisisekelo sezinto zokupakisha. Ikhwalithi yesikhunta inquma ikhwalithi yezinto zokupakisha. Ngaphambi kokubumba isikhunta esisha ngomjovo noma lapho umshini ushintshwa ngezinye izikhunta, isikhunta sokuhlola siyingxenye ebalulekile. Lesi sihloko sihlelwe nguiphakheji yothingo lwaseShanghai. , Yabelana ngamaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile okuhlolwa kwesikhunta somjovo, okuqukethwe kungokokuthengwa kwe-Youpin supply chain ukuze kubhekwe kubangani:
Zama
Uma ngithola isikhunta esisha sokuhlola nokuhlola, ngihlala ngilangazelela ukuzama umphumela kusenesikhathi futhi ngithemba ukuthi inqubo izohamba kahle ukuze ngingachithi amahora okusebenza futhi ngibangele inkinga.
Kodwa-ke, amaphuzu amabili kumele akhunjuzwe lapha: Okokuqala, abaklami besikhunta kanye nochwepheshe bokukhiqiza ngezinye izikhathi benza amaphutha. Uma bengaqaphile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhunta, amaphutha amancane angabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Okwesibili, umphumela wokuhlolwa kwesikhunta ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okubushelelezi esikhathini esizayo. Uma izinyathelo ezifanele namarekhodi afanele kungalandelwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlolwa kwesikhunta, inqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yokukhiqiza ngobuningi ayinakuqinisekiswa. Sigcizelela ukuthi uma isikhunta sisetshenziswa kahle, ukubuyiselwa kwenzuzo kuzokwenyuka ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulahlekelwa kwezindleko okubangelwayo kuzoba ngaphezu kwezindleko zesikhunta uqobo.
01Izinyathelo zokuphepha ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwesikhunta
Qonda ulwazi olufanele mayelana nesikhunta:
Kungcono ukuthola umdwebo womklamo wesikhunta, uwuhlaziye ngokuningiliziwe, bese ucela uchwepheshe wesikhunta ukuthi ahlanganyele emsebenzini wokuhlola.
Okokuqala hlola isenzo sokuxhumanisa ngomshini ebhentshini lokusebenza:
Qaphela ukuthi kukhona yini imihuzuko, izingxenye ezingekho, ukukhululeka, njll., ukuthi ngabe ukuhamba kwesikhunta kuya epuletini lesilayidi kulungile yini, ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza emgudwini wamanzi kanye namalungu ompompi womoya, futhi uma kunemikhawulo ekuvulekeni kwesikhunta, kufanele futhi kuphawulwe kusikhunta. Uma izenzo ezingenhla zingenziwa ngaphambi kokulenga isikhunta, kungenzeka ukugwema ukuchitha amahora okusebenza lapho inkinga itholakala lapho ulenga isikhunta bese isikhunta sihlakazwa.
Uma kutholakala ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yesikhunta ihamba kahle, kubalulekile ukukhetha umshini wokujova isikhunta ofanele. Uma ukhetha, naka:
(a) Umthamo womjovo
(b) Ububanzi benduku yokuqondisa
(c) Ukuhamba okuphezulu kakhulu
(d) Ukuthi izesekeli ziphelele yini, njll.
Ngemva kokuthi konke sekuqinisekisiwe ukuthi akukho nkinga, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukulengisa isikhunta. Uma ulenga, qaphela ukuthi ungasusi wonke amathempulethi okubamba futhi ngaphambi kokuvula isikhunta, ukuze uvimbele ithempulethi yokubamba ukuthi ingakhululeki noma iphuke bese isikhunta siwe.
Ngemva kokufakwa kwesikhunta, hlola ngokucophelela ukunyakaza kwemishini kwengxenye ngayinye yesikhunta, njengokunyakaza kwepuleti elishelelayo, i-thimble, isakhiwo sokuhoxisa, kanye nokushintsha komkhawulo. Futhi unake ukuthi umlomo womjovo kanye ne-feed port ziqondile yini. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukunaka isenzo sokubopha isikhunta. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingcindezi yokuvala isikhunta kufanele yehliswe. Ezenzweni zokubopha isikhunta ngesandla nangesivinini esiphansi, naka ukubona nokulalela noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungasheleli kanye nomsindo ongajwayelekile.
Khulisa izinga lokushisa lesikhunta:
Ngokwezakhiwo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswe kumkhiqizo oqediwe kanye nosayizi wesikhunta, kukhethwa umshini wokulawula izinga lokushisa lesikhunta ofanele ukuze kwandiswe izinga lokushisa lesikhunta libe yizinga lokushisa elidingekayo ekukhiqizweni.
Ngemva kokuba izinga lokushisa lesikhunta selikhuphukile, ukunyakaza kwengxenye ngayinye kumele kuhlolwe futhi, ngoba insimbi ingabangela isenzakalo sokuminyana ngemva kokukhula kokushisa, ngakho-ke naka ukushelela kwengxenye ngayinye ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka nokudlidliza.
Uma umthetho wohlelo lokuhlola ungasetshenziswa efektri, siphakamisa ukuthi lapho kulungiswa izimo zokuhlola, kungalungiswa isimo esisodwa kuphela ngesikhathi, ukuze kuhlukaniswe umthelela woshintsho lwesimo esisodwa kumkhiqizo oqediwe.
Kuye ngezinto zokusetshenziswa, izinto zokusetshenziswa kufanele zibhakwe ngendlela efanele.
Zama ukusebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifanayo ngangokunokwenzeka ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi esikhathini esizayo.
Ungazami ngokuphelele isikhunta ngezinto eziphansi. Uma kunesidingo sombala, ungahlela ukuhlolwa kombala ndawonye.
Izinkinga ezifana nokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi zivame ukuthinta ukucutshungulwa kwesibili. Ngemva kokuhlolwa kwesikhunta, umkhiqizo oqediwe kufanele uzinze futhi ukucutshungulwa kwesibili kufanele kwenziwe. Ngemva kokuvalwa kwesikhunta ngesivinini esiphansi, lungisa ingcindezi yokuvala isikhunta bese wenza izenzo eziningana ukuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini ingcindezi yokubopha isikhunta. Isenzakalo esingalingani, ukuze kugwenywe ukugoba kanye nokuguqulwa kwesikhunta kumkhiqizo oqediwe.
Ngemva kokuhlola izinyathelo ezingenhla, yehlisa isivinini sokuvala isikhunta kanye nokucindezela, bese usetha i-hook yokuphepha kanye ne-ejection stroke, bese ulungisa isivinini esijwayelekile sokuvala nokuvala isikhunta. Uma kuhilelekile iswishi yomkhawulo we-stroke ephezulu, i-stroke yokuvula isikhunta kufanele ilungiswe ibe mfushane kancane, futhi isenzo sokuvula isikhunta esinejubane eliphezulu kufanele sinqunywe ngaphambi kwe-stroke ephezulu yokuvula isikhunta. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-stroke yokunyakaza enejubane eliphezulu inde kune-stroke enejubane eliphansi kuyo yonke i-stroke yokuvula isikhunta ngesikhathi sokulayisha isikhunta. Emshinini wepulasitiki, induku ye-ejector yomshini kumele futhi ilungiswe ukuze isebenze ngemuva kwesenzo sokuvula isikhunta esinejubane eligcwele ukuvimbela ipuleti le-ejector noma ipuleti lokuhlubula ukuthi lingakhubazeki ngamandla.
Sicela uphinde uhlole izinto ezilandelayo ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo wokuqala wesikhunta:
(a) Ukuthi ukushaywa kokudla kukude kakhulu noma akwanele.
(b) Ukuthi ingcindezi iphezulu kakhulu noma iphansi kakhulu.
(c) Ukuthi isivinini sokugcwalisa sishesha kakhulu noma sihamba kancane kakhulu.
(d) Ukuthi umjikelezo wokucubungula mude kakhulu noma mufushane kakhulu.
Ukuze kuvinjelwe umkhiqizo oqediwe ukuthi ungadubuli isikhathi esifushane, uqhekeke, uguqulwe, uqhekeke ngisho nomonakalo esikhumbeni.
Uma umjikelezo wokucubungula umfishane kakhulu, i-thimble izongena emkhiqizweni oqediwe noma icindezele umkhiqizo oqediwe ngokuhlubula indandatho. Lolu hlobo lwesimo lungabiza amahora amabili noma amathathu ukukhipha umkhiqizo oqediwe.
Uma umjikelezo wokucubungula umude kakhulu, izingxenye ezibuthakathaka ze-mold core zingase ziphuke ngenxa yokuncipha kwezinto zerabha. Yiqiniso, awukwazi ukubikezela zonke izinkinga ezingase zenzeke enkambisweni ye-mold yokuhlola, kodwa ukucabangela okugcwele kanye nezinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi kungakusiza ugweme ukulahlekelwa okukhulu nokubizayo.
02Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokuhlola
Ukuze kugwenywe ukuchitha isikhathi nezinkinga ezingadingekile ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ngobuningi, kuyadingeka ngempela ukubekezela ukulungisa nokulawula izimo ezahlukene zokucubungula, ukuthola izimo zokushisa nengcindezi ezingcono kakhulu, kanye nokwenza izinqubo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile, ezingasetshenziswa ekusunguleni izindlela zokusebenza zansuku zonke.
1) Hlola ukuthi izinto zepulasitiki ezisemgqonyeni zilungile yini, nokuthi zibhakiwe yini ngokuvumelana nemithetho. (Uma kusetshenziswa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezahlukene ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kukhiqizwe, kungatholakala imiphumela ehlukene).
2) Ipayipi lezinto kumele lihlanzwe kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi inhlaka engaphansi noma izinto ezihlukahlukene zingafakwa esikhumbeni, ngoba inhlaka engaphansi kanye nezinto ezihlukahlukene zingavimba isikhumbeni. Hlola ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomgqomo kanye nezinga lokushisa lesikhumbeni kufanelekile yini ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zicutshungulwe.
3) Lungisa ingcindezi kanye nevolumu yomjovo ukuze ukhiqize umkhiqizo oqediwe onokubukeka okwanelisayo, kodwa ungagijimisi ama-burrs, ikakhulukazi uma eminye imikhiqizo yesikhala sesikhunta ingaqinanga ngokuphelele. Cabanga ngakho ngaphambi kokulungisa izimo ezahlukene zokulawula, ngoba ukugcwaliswa kwesikhunta Ushintsho oluncane esilinganisweni lungabangela ushintsho olukhulu ekugcwalisweni kwesikhunta.
4) Linda ngesineke kuze kube yilapho izimo zomshini kanye nesikhunta zizinza, ngisho nasemishinini ephakathi nendawo, kungathatha imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-30. Ungasebenzisa lesi sikhathi ukubuka izinkinga ezingaba khona ngomkhiqizo oqediwe.
5) Isikhathi sokuqhubeka kwesikulufu akufanele sibe sifushane kunesikhathi sokuqina kwepulasitiki yesango, ngaphandle kwalokho isisindo somkhiqizo oqediwe sizoncishiswa futhi ukusebenza komkhiqizo oqediwe kuzophazamiseka. Futhi uma isikhunta sishiswa, isikhathi sokuqhubeka kwesikulufu sidinga ukwelulwa ukuze kuhlanganiswe umkhiqizo oqediwe.
6) Lungisa ngokufanele ukuze unciphise umjikelezo wokucubungula wonke.
7) Sebenzisa izimo ezilungisiwe okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ukuze uzinze, bese uqhubeka nokukhiqiza okungenani amasampula agcwele esikhunta ayishumi nambili, umake usuku nobuningi esitsheni, bese uwabeka ngokwesikhala sesikhunta ukuze uhlole ukuqina kokusebenza kwangempela futhi uthole ukubekezelelana okunengqondo kokulawula. (Kubaluleke kakhulu ezikhumbeni ezinezimbobo eziningi).
8) Kala futhi urekhode ubukhulu obubalulekile bamasampula aqhubekayo (kufanele silinde amasampula aphole aze afike ezingeni lokushisa legumbi ngaphambi kokulinganisa).
Uma uqhathanisa usayizi olinganisiwe wesampula ngayinye yesikhunta, kufanele unake lokhu:
(a) Ukuthi usayizi uzinzile yini.
(b) Ingabe kukhona izilinganiso ezithile ezivame ukwanda noma ukwehla okubonisa ukuthi izimo zomshini zisashintsha, njengokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okubi noma ukulawulwa kwengcindezi kawoyela.
(c) Ukuthi ushintsho losayizi lungaphakathi kwebanga lokubekezelelana.
Uma usayizi womkhiqizo oqediwe ungashintshi futhi izimo zokucubungula zijwayelekile, kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo oqediwe wembobo ngayinye iyamukeleka yini nokuthi usayizi wayo ungaba ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana okuvunyelwe. Bhala phansi inani lembobo eqhubekayo noma emikhulu noma emincane kunesilinganiso ukuze uhlole ukuthi usayizi wembobo ulungile yini. Bhala phansi futhi uhlaziye idatha njengesidingo sokushintsha izimo zembobo kanye nokukhiqiza, kanye nokubhekisela ekukhiqizweni okukhulu kwesikhathi esizayo.
03Izinkinga okufanele ziqashelwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhunta
1) Yenza isikhathi sokusebenza kokucubungula sibe side ukuze uzinzise izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika kanye nezinga lokushisa likawoyela we-hydraulic.
2) Lungisa izimo zomshini ngokuya ngobukhulu bayo yonke imikhiqizo eqediwe emikhulu kakhulu noma emincane kakhulu. Uma izinga lokuncipha likhulu kakhulu futhi umkhiqizo oqediwe ubonakala unganele ukudubula, ungandisa nosayizi wesango ngokubhekisela kuwo.
3) Usayizi womgodi ngamunye mkhulu kakhulu noma mncane kakhulu ukuba ungalungiswa. Uma usayizi womgodi kanye nomnyango kusalungile, zama ukushintsha izimo zomshini, njengezinga lokugcwalisa, izinga lokushisa lomgodi kanye nokucindezela kwengxenye ngayinye, bese uhlola ezinye izimbobo. Ukuthi umgodi ugcwalisa imbobo kancane yini.
4) Ngokwesimo sokufanisa semikhiqizo eqediwe yesikhala sesikhunta noma ukufuduka kwengqikithi yesikhunta, izoguqulwa ngokwehlukana. Kuvunyelwe futhi ukuzama ukulungisa izinga lokugcwalisa kanye nokushisa kwesikhunta ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufana kwaso.
5) Hlola futhi ulungise amaphutha omshini wokujova, njengepompo kawoyela, ivalvu kawoyela, isilawuli sokushisa, njll., kuzobangela izinguquko ezimweni zokucubungula, ngisho nesikhunta esiphelele asikwazi ukusebenza kahle emshinini onganakekelwa kahle.
Ngemva kokubukeza wonke amanani aqoshiwe, gcina isethi yamasampula ukuze uwahlole ukuze uqhathanise ukuthi amasampula alungisiwe athuthukile yini.
04Izindaba ezibalulekile
Gcina kahle wonke amarekhodi okuhlolwa kwesampula ngesikhathi senqubo yokulinga isikhunta, kufaka phakathi izingcindezi ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokucubungula, izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika kanye nesikhunta, izinga lokushisa lemigqomo, isikhathi sokusebenza komjovo, isikhathi sokudla ngezikulufo, njll. Ngamafuphi, kufanele wonge konke okuzosiza esikhathini esizayo. Ingasetshenziswa ukusungula ngempumelelo idatha yezimo ezifanayo zokucubungula ukuze uthole imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi.
Njengamanje, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta livame ukunganakwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhunta efektri, futhi izinga lokushisa lesikhunta linzima kakhulu ukulibamba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhunta sesikhathi esifushane kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesisindo esizayo. Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta elingalungile lingathinta usayizi, ukukhanya, ukuncipha, iphethini yokugeleza kanye nokuntuleka kwezinto zesampula. , Uma isilawuli sokushisa sesikhunta singasetshenziswa ukulawula ukukhiqizwa kwesisindo esizayo, kungase kuvele ubunzima.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-18-2021