Kuti zinthuzo zikhale zogwirizana ndi zosowa za anthu ambiri, zinthu zambiri zomangira zomwe zimapangidwa ziyenera kupakidwa utoto pamwamba. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira pamwamba pa zinthu zomangira mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku. Pano tikuyambitsa njira zingapo zodziwika bwino mumakampani opanga zodzikongoletsera, monga vacuum covering, spraying, electroplating, anodizing, ndi zina zotero.
一、Za njira yopopera
Kupopera kumatanthauza njira yophikira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mfuti yopopera kapena atomizer ya disc kuti ifalikire m'madontho ofanana ndi abwino pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya pressure kapena centrifugal ndikuyiyika pamwamba pa chinthu chomwe chikupakidwa. Ikhoza kugawidwa m'njira ziwiri: kupopera mpweya, kupopera popanda mpweya, kupopera kwa electrostatic ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zochokera ku mitundu yoyambira yopopera yomwe ili pamwambapa, monga kupopera kwa atomization yotsika kwambiri, kupopera kutentha, kupopera zokha, kupopera kwa magulu ambiri, ndi zina zotero.
Mbali za njira yopopera
● Mphamvu yoteteza:
Tetezani zinthu zachitsulo, matabwa, miyala ndi pulasitiki kuti zisawonongeke ndi kuwala, mvula, mame, madzi ndi zinthu zina. Kuphimba zinthu ndi utoto ndi njira imodzi yabwino komanso yodalirika yotetezera, yomwe ingateteze zinthu ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya ntchito yawo.
●Zokongoletsa:
Kujambula kungapangitse zinthu "kuphimba" ndi ubweya wokongola, wowala, wonyezimira komanso wosalala. Malo okongola ndi zinthuzo zimapangitsa anthu kumva okongola komanso omasuka.
●Ntchito yapadera:
Pambuyo popaka utoto wapadera pa chinthucho, pamwamba pa chinthucho pakhoza kukhala ndi ntchito monga kusapsa ndi moto, kusalowa madzi, kuletsa kuipitsidwa, kusonyeza kutentha, kusunga kutentha, kubisala, kuyendetsa mpweya, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuyeretsa, kuwala ndi kuwunikira.
三、Kapangidwe ka dongosolo la kupopera
1. Chipinda chopopera
1) Makina oziziritsira mpweya: zida zomwe zimapatsa mpweya wabwino komanso kutentha, chinyezi komanso fumbi lowongolera ku malo opopera.
2) Thupi la chidebe chopopera: lili ndi chipinda chopopera mphamvu, chipinda chopopera mphamvu chosasunthika, chipinda chopopera mphamvu ndi mbale ya pansi pa grille.
3) Dongosolo losonkhanitsira utsi ndi utoto: limapangidwa ndi chipangizo chosonkhanitsira utsi wa utoto, fani yotulutsa utsi ndi njira yotulutsira mpweya.
4) Chipangizo chochotsera utoto zinyalala: chotsani utoto wotsalira mu zinyalala zomwe zatuluka mu chipangizo chotsukira utsi cha malo opopera, ndikubwezera madzi osefedwawo m'ngalande pansi pa malo opopera kuti abwezeretsedwenso.
2. Mzere wopopera
Zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri zazikulu za mzere wokutira makamaka zikuphatikizapo: zida zokonzekera chithandizo, njira yopopera ufa, zida zopopera utoto, uvuni, njira yotenthetsera, njira yowongolera zamagetsi, unyolo wopachika wonyamula, ndi zina zotero.
1) Zipangizo zochizira chisanayambike
Chipangizo choyeretsera zinthu zopopera cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsera pamwamba. Mfundo yake ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina oyeretsera kuti afulumizitse zochita za mankhwala kuti athetse mafuta, phosphorous, kutsuka madzi ndi njira zina zoyeretsera. Njira yodziwika bwino yoyeretsera zinthu zachitsulo ndi iyi: kuchotsa mafuta, kuchotsa mafuta, kutsuka madzi, kutsuka madzi, kusintha malo, phosphorous, kutsuka madzi, kutsuka madzi, kutsuka madzi oyera. Makina oyeretsera ophulitsa zipolopolo angagwiritsidwenso ntchito poyeretsera, komwe kuli koyenera zigawo zachitsulo zokhala ndi kapangidwe kosavuta, dzimbiri lalikulu, zopanda mafuta kapena mafuta ochepa. Ndipo palibe kuipitsidwa kwa madzi.
2) Njira yopopera ufa
Chipangizo chaching'ono chobwezeretsa mpweya wa cyclone + filter mu ufa wopopera ufa ndi chipangizo chapamwamba kwambiri chobwezeretsa ufa chomwe chimasintha mtundu mwachangu. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochokera kunja kwa dzikolo pazinthu zofunika kwambiri za dongosolo lopopera ufa, ndipo ziwalo zonse monga chipinda chopopera ufa ndi makina okweza magetsi zimapangidwa m'dziko.
3) Zipangizo zopopera
Monga chipinda chopopera mafuta ndi chipinda chopopera nsalu yamadzi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popaka pamwamba pa njinga, akasupe a masamba a magalimoto ndi zonyamulira zazikulu.
4) Uvuni
Uvuni ndi chimodzi mwa zida zofunika kwambiri pakupanga utoto. Kufanana kwa kutentha kwake ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chotsimikizira mtundu wa utoto. Njira zotenthetsera uvuni zimaphatikizapo kuwala, mpweya wotentha ndi kuwala + mpweya wotentha, ndi zina zotero. Malinga ndi pulogalamu yopangira, imatha kugawidwa m'chipinda chimodzi komanso kudzera mu mtundu, ndi zina zotero, ndipo mawonekedwe a zida amaphatikizapo mtundu wowongoka ndi mtundu wa mlatho. Uvuni wotentha uli ndi kutentha kwabwino, kutentha kofanana mu uvuni, komanso kutaya kutentha pang'ono. Pambuyo poyesa, kusiyana kwa kutentha mu uvuni kumakhala kochepera ±3oC, kufika pazizindikiro za magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zofanana m'maiko otukuka.
5) Dongosolo lochokera kutentha
Kuyenda kwa mpweya wotentha ndi njira yodziwika bwino yotenthetsera. Imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yoyendetsera kutentha kuti itenthetse uvuni kuti iume ndi kuziziritsa ntchito. Gwero la kutentha lingasankhidwe malinga ndi momwe wogwiritsa ntchito alili: magetsi, nthunzi, gasi kapena mafuta, ndi zina zotero. Bokosi la kutentha likhoza kudziwika malinga ndi momwe uvuni ulili: liyikidwa pamwamba, pansi ndi m'mbali. Ngati fani yozungulira yopangira gwero la kutentha ndi fani yapadera yolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri, ili ndi ubwino wokhala ndi moyo wautali, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, phokoso lochepa komanso kukula kochepa.
6) Dongosolo lowongolera magetsi
Kuwongolera kwamagetsi kwa mzere wopaka utoto ndi utoto kumakhala ndi ulamuliro wapakati komanso wa mzere umodzi. Kuwongolera kwapakati kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chosinthika (PLC) kuti chiwongolere wolandila, kuwongolera zokha njira iliyonse malinga ndi pulogalamu yowongolera yokonzedwa, kusonkhanitsa deta ndikuwunika alamu. Kuwongolera kwa mzere umodzi ndiye njira yowongolera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamzere wopanga utoto. Njira iliyonse imayendetsedwa mu mzere umodzi, ndipo bokosi lowongolera lamagetsi (kabati) limayikidwa pafupi ndi zida. Lili ndi mtengo wotsika, ntchito yowoneka bwino komanso kukonza kosavuta.
7) Unyolo wonyamulira katundu woyimitsidwa
Chonyamulira choyimitsa ndi njira yonyamulira ya mzere wopangira mafakitale ndi mzere wopaka utoto. Chonyamulira choyimitsa choyimitsa choyimitsa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamashelufu osungiramo zinthu okhala ndi L=10-14M ndi mzere wapadera wopaka nyali ya msewu. Chonyamuliracho chimakwezedwa pa chonyamulira chapadera (chokhala ndi mphamvu yonyamula katundu ya 500-600KG), ndipo chonyamulira cholowa ndi kutuluka chimakhala chosalala. Chonyamuliracho chimatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa ndi magetsi motsatira malangizo a ntchito, zomwe zimakwaniritsa kunyamulira kwa chonyamuliracho pamalo aliwonse opangira zinthu, ndipo chimasonkhanitsidwa ndikuzizidwa nthawi yomweyo m'chipinda choziziritsira champhamvu ndi malo otulutsira katundu. Chipangizo chodziwitsira chonyamulira ndi chotseka choyatsira chimayikidwa m'malo ozizira kwambiri.
3. Mfuti yopopera
4. Utoto
Utoto ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ndi kukongoletsa pamwamba pa chinthu. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa chinthu kuti chipange filimu yophimba yopitilira yokhala ndi ntchito zina komanso yolimba, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ndi kukongoletsa chinthucho. Ntchito ya utoto ndi kuteteza, kukongoletsa, ndi ntchito zapadera (zoletsa dzimbiri, kudzipatula, kulemba chizindikiro, kuwunikira, kuyendetsa bwino, ndi zina zotero).
四、Mayendedwe oyambira a ndondomeko
Njira yophikira ndi njira zophikira zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi zosiyana. Timatenga njira yophikira zinthu zapulasitiki monga chitsanzo pofotokoza njira yonseyi:
1. Njira yokonzekera chithandizo chisanachitike
Pofuna kupereka maziko abwino oyenera zofunikira pakuphimba ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chophimbacho chili ndi mphamvu zabwino zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri komanso zokongoletsera, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja zomwe zimayikidwa pamwamba pa chinthucho ziyenera kukonzedwa musanaphike. Anthu amatchula ntchito yochitidwa motere ngati chithandizo cha pre-coating (pamwamba). Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuchotsa zoipitsa pa chinthucho kapena kupukuta pamwamba pa chinthucho kuti chiwonjezere kumatirira kwa filimu yophimba.
Kuchotsa mafuta: Ntchito yaikulu ndikuchotsa mafuta pang'ono pamwamba pa zigawo za pulasitiki.
Kuchotsa mafuta: Chotsukira chimachotsa mafuta pamwamba pa zigawo za pulasitiki.
Kusamba m'madzi: Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oyera a pampopi kuti mutsuke mankhwala otsala pamwamba pa ziwalozo. Kusamba m'madzi awiri, kutentha kwa madzi RT, mphamvu ya kupopera ndi 0.06-0.12Mpa. Kusamba m'madzi oyera, gwiritsani ntchito madzi atsopano oyeretsedwa kuti muyeretse bwino pamwamba pa ziwalozo (chofunikira cha kuyera kwa madzi oyeretsedwa ndi conductivity ≤10μm/cm).
Malo opumira mpweya: Mpweya wothira mpweya pambuyo potsuka madzi oyera mu ngalande yotsukira madzi umagwiritsidwa ntchito kupumira madontho a madzi otsala pamwamba pa ziwalozo ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Komabe, nthawi zina chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka chinthucho ndi zifukwa zina, madontho a madzi m'zigawo zina sangathe kupumira kwathunthu, ndipo malo owuma sangathe kuumitsa madontho a madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azisonkhana pamwamba pa ziwalozo ndikukhudza kupopera kwa chinthucho. Chifukwa chake, pamwamba pa chinthucho payenera kuyang'aniridwa pambuyo pokonza lawi. Zinthu zikachitika pamwambapa, pamwamba pa bampala payenera kupukutidwa.
Kuumitsa: Nthawi yowumitsa chinthu ndi mphindi 20. Uvuni umagwiritsa ntchito mpweya kutentha mpweya wozungulira kuti kutentha mu njira yowumitsa kufikire mtengo wokhazikika. Zinthu zotsukidwa ndi zouma zikadutsa mu njira ya uvuni, mpweya wotentha mu njira ya uvuni umaumitsa chinyezi pamwamba pa zinthu. Kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa kuphika sikuyenera kungoganizira za kusungunuka kwa chinyezi pamwamba pa zinthu, komanso kukana kutentha kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Pakadali pano, mzere wokutira wa fakitale yachiwiri yopangira umapangidwa makamaka ndi zinthu za PP, kotero kutentha kokhazikika ndi 95±5℃.
Kuchiza moto: Gwiritsani ntchito moto wamphamvu wowonjezera kutentha kuti muwonjezere kutentha pamwamba pa pulasitiki, kuonjezera mphamvu ya pamwamba pa pulasitiki, kuti utoto ugwirizane bwino ndi pamwamba pa pulasitiki kuti ukhale wolimba.
Choyambira: Choyambira chili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndipo pali mitundu yambiri. Ngakhale sichingawonekere kuchokera kunja, chili ndi mphamvu zambiri. Ntchito zake ndi izi: kuwonjezera kukanikiza, kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa mitundu, ndi kuphimba mawanga olakwika pazida zogwirira ntchito.
Chophimba chapakati: Mtundu wa filimu yophimba yomwe imawonedwa mutapaka utoto, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikupangitsa chinthu chophimbidwacho kukhala chokongola kapena kukhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala.
Chophimba chapamwamba: Chophimba chapamwamba ndiye gawo lomaliza la chophimbacho mu ndondomeko yophimba, cholinga chake ndikupatsa filimu yophimbayo kuwala kwambiri komanso mphamvu zabwino zakuthupi ndi zamakemikolo kuti iteteze chinthu chophimbidwacho.
Kugwiritsa ntchito m'munda wa ma CD okongoletsera
Njira yopaka utoto imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popaka zodzikongoletsera, ndipo ndi gawo lakunja la zida zosiyanasiyana zopaka milomo,mabotolo agalasi, mitu ya mapampu, zipewa za mabotolo, ndi zina zotero.
Chimodzi mwa njira zazikulu zojambulira utoto
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-20-2024