Chibereko chebhodhoro repurasitiki ndicho chimiro chekutanga mukugadzirwa kwemabhodhoro epurasitiki. Zvimiro zvayo zvakaita sehukuru, shinda uye huremu zvakakosha uye zvine chekuita nekushandiswa uye mashandiro ebhodhoro.
1. Hukama huripo pakati pemhando ye preform nemhando yezvinhu zvePET
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) inonzi polyester. Kugadzirwa kwemabhodhoro epurasitiki ePET kunogona kukamurwa kuita injection stretch blow molding (yakapfupikiswa se injection stretch blow molding) uye extrusion stretch blow molding (yakapfupikiswa se extrusion stretch blow molding) zvichienderana ne preforms dzakasiyana. Panzira mbiri dzekuumba, maitiro ekuumba injection stretch blow ari nyore kudzora, ane simba guru rekugadzira, uye ane marara mashoma, uye akajairika.
Pakugadzirira mabhodhoro akaumbwa nemhepo, zvidimbu zvePET zvinotanga zvaiswa mu preform. Zvinoda kuti chikamu chezvinhu zvakadzokororwa zvechipiri chisanyanya kukwira (pasi pe5%), nguva dzekudzokororwa hadzifanirwe kudarika kaviri, uye huremu hwemamorekuru nekusimba hazvifanirwe kuderera zvakanyanya (huremu hwemamorekuru 31000-50000, kusimba kwemukati 0.78-0.85 cm3/g). Sekureva kweNational Food Safety Law, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakadzokororwa zvechipiri pakurongedza chikafu nemishonga hakubvumirwi. Ma preform akaumbwa nejekiseni anofanira kuchengetwa kwemaawa anopfuura makumi maviri nemana asati ashandiswa. Ma preform asina kushandiswa mushure mekudziya anofanira kuchengetwa kwemaawa anopfuura makumi mana nemasere asati adziiswa zvakare. Nguva yekuchengetedza bhodhoro haifanirwe kudarika mwedzi mitanhatu.
Hunhu hwe preform hunoenderana zvikuru nehunhu hwezvinhu zvePET, saka zvakakosha kusarudza zvinhu zviri nyore kufuridza nekuumba, uye kugadzira maitiro akakodzera e preform. Kuedza kunoratidza kuti PET preforms dzine viscosity yakafanana dziri nyore kuputira mold nezvinhu zvakatorwa kunze kwenyika pane nezvinhu zvakabikwa zvemumba. Zvisinei, boka rimwe chete re preforms rinogona kuva nemaitiro akasiyana e blow molding ane mazuva akasiyana ekugadzirwa. Hunhu hwe preform hunosarudza kuoma kwe blow molding process. Zvinodiwa zve preform kuchena, kujeka, kusasviba, kusachena, kureba kwakakodzera kwe injection point, uye halo yakakomberedza.
Kudziisa kwe preform kunopedzwa neovheni inodziya, uye tembiricha yayo inogadziriswa nemaoko uye inogadziriswa otomatiki. Muovheni, marambi e far-infrared anoburitsa mwaranzi ye far-infrared kuti abudise kupisa kune preforms, uye feni iri pasi peovheni inoita kutenderera kwekupisa kuti tembiricha iri muovheni ive yakafanana. Preforms dzinotenderera dzichienda mberi muovheni, kuitira kuti madziro e preform apiswe zvakaenzana.
Marambi ari muovheni anowanzo gadzirwa se "zone" kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, akawanda ari pamativi maviri uye mashoma pakati. Kupisa kweovheni kunodzorwa nehuwandu hwemarambi anobatidzwa, tembiricha yese, simba reovheni uye chiyero chekupisa chechikamu chimwe nechimwe. Kuvhurwa kwechubhu yerambi kunofanirwa kugadziriswa pamwe chete nekupfurwa kwebhodhoro. Kuti ovheni ishande zviri nani, kugadziriswa kwehurefu hwayo, ndiro yekutonhodza, nezvimwewo zvakakosha zvikuru. Kana kugadziriswa kusina kunaka, zvikanganiso zvakaita semuromo webhodhoro unobuda (muromo webhodhoro unokura) uye mutsipa wakaoma (zvishandiso zvemutsipa hazvigone kudhonzwa) zvinogona kuitika panguva yekuumbwa kwebhodho.
2. Zvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemaembryo emabhodhoro
Mapurasitiki akagadzirwa kare ndiwo maitiro ekutanga emabhodhoro epurasitiki pakugadzirwa kwawo. Zviyero zvavo zvakaita sehukuru, shinda uye huremu zvakakosha uye zvine chekuita zvakananga nechinangwa uye mashandiro ebhodhoro.
Kutanga, saizi ye preform inokosha kumudziyo wekupedzisira wekurongedza. Pakusarudza saizi ye preform, tinofanira kutanga tafunga nezvechinangwa chebhodhoro. Ndeyechikafu, zvinwiwa, zvizoro kana mimwe minda here? Mashandisirwo akasiyana angada mabhodhoro ane maumbirwo akasiyana uye kugona. Nekunyatsoongorora zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa, kugona kwe preform kunogona kuonekwa uye chimiro chakakodzera chinogona kusarudzwa, senge denderedzwa, sikweya kana denderedzwa.
Chechipiri, shinda (caliber) inoreva dhayamita yemuromo webhodhoro uye zvakare chinhu chakakosha. Kuyera shinda kunoita kuti chiyero chacho chive chakatwasuka kuti pave nehukuru hwecaliber hwakarurama. Hukuru hweshinda hunokanganisa zvakananga kuzadza nekudurura bhodhoro. Zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana zvinogona kuda saizi dzakasiyana dzeshinda, saka pakugadzira bhodhoro, sarudzo yakakodzera yeshinda inofanirwa kuitwa.
Chekupedzisira, huremu hwegiramu hwe preform hunoreva huremu hwebhodhoro, kusanganisira muviri webhodhoro nemuromo webhodhoro. Huremu hwegiramu hwebhodhoro hunogona kuyerwa nemazvo nekuyera kana kushandisa chikero chinotenderera. Kuongororwa kwehuremu hwegiramu kwakabatana zvakananga nekusimba uye kugara kwenguva refu kwebhodhoro. Pakufunga nezvehuremu, zvakakosha kuenzanisa simba remaumbirwo ebhodhoro uye mutengo wezvinhu kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chine simba rakakwana uye chinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza.
Kazhinji, saizi, shinda uye huremu hwe preform zvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzira bhodhoro repurasitiki. Kuburikidza nekuyera nekungwarira uye kusarudza zvine musoro, zvinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti bhodhoro rekupedzisira rinosangana nezvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa uye zvinodiwa neindasitiri uye rinopa mashandiro akanaka ekurongedza. Munguva yekugadzira mabhodhoro, kutarisisa nguva dzose kudzora maparamita aya kuchabatsira kugadzira mabhodhoro epurasitiki emhando yepamusoro.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-27-2025