Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwePET kunye nePETG?

I-PET, i-polycondensate, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifilimu zokupakisha ukutya kunye neefayibha zelaphu, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo. Ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zokupakisha, kungekuphela nje kwiibhotile zesoda, kodwa nakwiibhotile zePET (APET) ezingenasimo, iingqayi ze-crystalline PET (CPET) kunye neepleyiti. Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, ii-PET kunye nee-copolyesters zezinga lobunjineli, njengeemveliso ezintsha ze-polymer, ziye zasetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokupakisha zobunjineli kunye nezobuchwephesha, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Impumelelo ye-PET ekupakisheni i-soda ibangelwa bukuqina kwayo nokungafihlisi, amandla okuqhelanisa izinto, ixabiso elihle kakhulu kwezoqoqosho, kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokucubungula iibhotile ngesantya esiphezulu. Iitini zesiselo se-PET zilula, aziqhekeki, zingasetyenziswa kwakhona, kwaye azinamoya wokungenisa umoya. Ibhotile yesiselo se-PET ezele litha ezi-2 ikhaphukhaphu ngama-24% kunebhotile yeglasi efanayo; ibhotile engenanto inobunzima obuyi-1/10 yebhotile yeglasi enobukhulu obufanayo. Oku kusindisa umsebenzi, amandla, kunye neendleko kuzo zonke iikhonkco ukusuka kumenzi ukuya kumthengi.
Ikhemistri kunye neePropati

I-PET yeebhotile zesiselo iveliswa kwi-terephthalic acid (TPA) efunyenwe nge-oxidation ye-p-xylene. I-Terephthalic acid iyacocwa okanye ixutywe ne-methanol ukuze yenze i-dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), okanye ixutywe ngakumbi ukuze yenze i-pure terephthalic acid (PTA). Enye into esisiseko ye-PET yi-ethane, eguqulwa ibe yi-ethylene glycol (EG) ngokuphendula. I-PET yi-condensation polymer eyenziwe yi-continuous polymerization ye-DMT (okanye i-PTA) kunye ne-EG kwimeko enyibilikisiweyo, ize emva koko ibe yinkqubo ye-solid-state polymerization ukuze kufunyanwe iikristale ezinkulu kunye nobunzima bokugqibela be-molecular kunye ne-intrinsic viscosity. Inkqubo ye-solid-state ikwayenza umxholo we-ethanol we-polymer ube phantsi ngokwaneleyo.

I-resin yePET yorhwebo eqhelekileyo iyanyibilika malunga ne-480F (), kodwa iqondo lokunyibilika kwePET enekristale ephezulu limalunga ne-520F ().

I-PET eqinisiweyo esekwe kwi-oriented inamandla agqwesileyo. Iqinile kwaye ayifihli nto, kwaye iyamelana nee-asidi ezibuthathaka, iziseko kunye nezinyibilikisi ezininzi.

Amanqaku akhethekileyo

I-PET yodidi lokubumba oluthambileyo inokubonelela ngombala oqinileyo, oluhlaza kunye notyheli okhanyayo. I-polymer enemibala kwi-reactor ayifuni ukuba idityaniswe nemiphumo emibi kwiimpawu zomzimba, kwaye iphucula ukufana kombala. Ii-resin ezicocekileyo ze-viscosities ezahlukeneyo zangaphakathi ziyafumaneka. Ii-PET copolymers zibumba kancinci, nto leyo evumela ukuba zivelise iibhotile zesoda ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula. I-polymer enokubumba ephumayo nayo iyafumaneka. Le nto idibanisa izibonelelo zamandla anyibilikayo kunye ne-crystallization ecothayo, kwaye inokucutshungulwa ngokulula kwizixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubumba ephumayo. Iipolymer ezahlukeneyo eziqinisiweyo, ezithintela ilangatye kunye nezinye ezikhethekileyo zihlala ziziswa okanye ziguqulwa ukuze zihlangabezane nezicelo ezintsha.

I-PETGI-copolyester ngomnye umzekelo wenani elikhulu lee-copolyester. Ngokungafaniyo ne-PCTA, eguqulwa nge-asidi, i-PETG yi-polymer eguqulwe yi-diol eyenziwe ngokudibanisa i-CHDM diol ne-TPA (terephthalic acid) kunye ne-ethylene glycol. Ii-copolymer ze-PETG zinokubunjwa okanye zikhutshwe kwaye zihlala zingenasimo, zibonakala kwaye zingenambala phantse, nokuba zikwiindawo ezinkulu ezinqamlezileyo.

Inokuqina okuphezulu, ubulukhuni kunye nokuqina okuhle, nokuba kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Ukudibana kokucaca, ubulukhuni kunye namandla okunyibilika kwenza ukuba ibe luncedo ekubumbeni ngenaliti, ekubumbeni ngebhombu nasekukhupheni iiprofayili, imibhobho, iifilimu kunye namaphepha. I-PETG ifumaneka kwimo engatshintshwanga okanye kunye nezongezo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ii-release agents, ii-masterbatches, kunye ne-impact modifiers zokubumba ngenaliti.

I-PETG kufuneka yomiswe kwi-120-160F malunga neeyure ezi-4-6 ngaphambi kokubumba okanye ukukhupha. Kuzo zombini iinkqubo, ubushushu bokunyibilika buqala kwi-420F ukuya kwi-510F. Ixesha lokubamba izixhobo zokucubungula kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kufuneka libe lifutshane kangangoko ukuthintela ukuwohloka okugqithisileyo. Ukubumba ngenaliti kufuneka kwenziwe kumatshini wokubumba ngenaliti, nto leyo efuna ukuba i-shot nganye ibe yi-50% ukuya kwi-80% yamandla ayo.

I-PETG ingakhutshwa kwaye ibunjwe ngebhombu kubushushu obuphakathi kwe-400-450F ukwenza iibhotile ezibonakalayo zeshampu, izicoci zolwelo, iimveliso zococeko, iioyile zeminerali, kunye nokupakishwa kokutya. Le nto ihlangabezana nemigangatho ye-FDA yokunxibelelana nokutya.

Ukukhupha izinto kungavelisa uluhlu olubanzi lweeprofayili, kunye neetyhubhu zokupakisha, iifilimu, kunye namaphepha, kuquka nokupakisha izixhobo zonyango. I-PETG kunye ne-PCTA zinokucocwa nge-ethylene oxide kunye ne-Y ray.

Xa isetyenziselwa ukubumba ngenaliti, i-PETG idla ngokucutshungulwa kubushushu obunyibilikayo obuyi-450-510F, kunye nobushushu bokubumba obuyi-70-130F. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ngoku ziquka izigqubuthelo zezixhobo, izikhuselo zoomatshini, izikhongozeli zokuhombisa, izikhombisi zezixhobo ze-lever, izinto zokubonisa kunye nezinto zokudlala.

I-PET isetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni i-soda kunye neziselo ezibandayo. I-PET inazo phantse i-100% yeemarike zeekhonteyina ezingaphinde zisetyenziswe zeepakeji ze-2-litre, kwaye iibhotile ze-PET ze-1.5-litre, 1-litre, 0.5-litre kunye nezincinci nazo ziye zaziwa ngokubanzi.

I-PET isetyenziswa ekutyeni, etywaleni, kwiisepha. Kulindeleke ukuba imfuno ye-PET iqhubeke nokukhula kwiziselo ezingena-carbon kunye neepakeji zeemveliso zoshishino. Ukutya okupakishweyo kuquka i-mustard, iimveliso zerabha, ibhotolo yamandongomane, iziqholo, iioyile zokupheka, ii-cocktails kunye neejusi ezixineneyo. Imibala emitsha, ngakumbi imibala ye-Weber, ithandwa kakhulu kwiipakeji zamayeza, iivithamini kunye neesepha.

Enye yezona zicelo zintsha nezikhula ngokukhawuleza zeekhonteyina zePET kukupakisha ukutya okanye iziselo, okufuna ukuzaliswa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukutya okuninzi, ingakumbi iziqhamo okanye ukutya okanye iziselo ezinomxholo weziqhamo eziphezulu, kufuneka zipakishwe kwi-180F nangaphezulu. Oku kubonelela ngokucoca (ukubulala iintsholongwane) kwemveliso kunye nekhonteyina ngexesha lokuzaliswa. Izikhongozeli ezijolise kwisiqhelo, ezifana neengxowa zesoda kunye neziselo ezibandayo, zihlala zincipha kwaye ziguquguquke xa ziphantsi kwamaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-160F, okubangelwa kukukhululeka koxinzelelo oluthile. Uxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwenziwa ngexesha lokubumba isitya. Ubuchwepheshe buphuhlisiwe ukuphucula ukumelana nobushushu ngexesha lokucubungula, okubizwa ngokuba yiteknoloji "yokuseta ubushushu". Ngokuxhomekeke kwiteknoloji ethile yokucubungula, kukho iinkcukacha ezininzi zobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, ezinelungelo elikhulu, ngokusekelwe ekubeni zeziphi izikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo ukuzaliswa kwi-190-195F ezinokuveliswa. Iimveliso ezifuna ukupakishwa ngolu phawu ziquka iijusi zeziqhamo ezicocekileyo. Iziselo ezinejusi ephezulu, iti, iziselo ezithile ze-isotonic kunye nezemidlalo, iziqholo, iijusi ezixineneyo kunye namanzi athile eeminerali.

Ezinye iindlela zokusetyenziswa kwePET zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-extrusion coating nakwi-extrusion film kunye ne-sheet. I-PET isetyenziswa njenge-extrusion coating material yokupakisha i-oven paperboard. Ukongeza, i-crystalline PET (CPET) ingasetyenziswa njengezinto ezisisiseko zokwenza iitreyi ze-oven.

Ifilimu yePET idla ngokujolisa kwicala lesibini kwaye isetyenziswa njengeefilimu ze-X-reyi kunye nezinye iifoto, ukupakisha inyama netshizi, iiteyiphu zemagnethi, ukufakelwa kombane, iipleyiti zokuprinta kunye neengxowa zokupakisha iibhotile. IPET ikwasetyenziswa njengezinto zeteyiphu zoshishino. Ifilimu yePET engacwangciswanga, engacwangciswanga kunye nephepha ziyaqala ukusetyenziswa ekwenzeni izikhongozeli, iitreyi, iimveliso zefoam kunye neekomityi zeziselo.

Isishwankathelo: I-PETG yinguqulelo ephuculweyo ye-PET, enokucaca okuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana okungcono kweempembelelo, kwaye ewe ixabiso liphezulu.