Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya PET na PETG?

PET, polycondensate, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu mafirime yo gupfunyika ibiryo n'imyenda, hamwe n'izindi porogaramu. Ubu ikoreshwa cyane nk'ibikoresho byo gupfunyika, atari mu macupa ya soda gusa, ahubwo no mu macupa ya PET (APET), amacupa ya PET (CPET) n'amasahani. Mu myaka itanu ishize, PET na copolyesters zo mu rwego rwa injeniyeri, nk'ibicuruzwa bishya bya polymer, byakoreshejwe mu bikoresho by'injeniyeri n'iby'umwihariko byo gupfunyika, uko bikurikirana.
Intsinzi ya PET mu gupfunyika soda iterwa n'ubukomere bwayo n'umucyo wayo, ubushobozi bwo kuyiyobora, agaciro gakomeye mu by'ubukungu, ndetse n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amacupa ryihuse. Amacupa y'ibinyobwa bya PET yoroheje, ntameneka, ashobora kongera gukoreshwa, kandi afite umwuka mwiza. Icupa ry'ibinyobwa rya PET ryuzuye rya litiro 2 ryoroheje 24% ugereranije n'icupa ry'ibirahure risa; icupa ridafite ikintu ripima 1/10 cy'icupa ry'ibirahure rifite ingano imwe. Ibi bigabanya akazi, ingufu, n'ikiguzi cy'imiyoboro yose kuva ku mucuruzi kugera ku muguzi.
Ubutabire n'Imiterere

PET yo mu macupa y'ibinyobwa ikorwa muri aside terephthalike (TPA) iboneka binyuze mu gusiga p-xylene. Aside Terephthalike isukurwa cyangwa igahuzwa na methanoli kugira ngo ikore dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), cyangwa ikongera gukaraba kugira ngo ikore aside terephthalike (PTA). Ikindi kintu cy'ibanze cya PET ni ethane, ihinduka ethylene glycol (EG) binyuze mu gukora. PET ni polymeri yo mu bwoko bwa condensation ikorwa na polymerike ihoraho ya DMT (cyangwa PTA) na EG mu gihe cy'ishongeshwa, hanyuma inzira ya polymerike ikomeye kugira ngo ibone kristu nini n'uburemere bwa nyuma bwa molekile n'ubukana bw'imbere. Uburyo bwa solid-state butuma ethanoli iri muri polymeri iba nke bihagije.

Resin ya PET isanzwe ishongeshwa kuri dogere 480F (), ariko aho ishongeshwa rya PET ifite kristali nyinshi ni dogere 520F ().

PET ifite kristali ishingiye ku miterere ifite imbaraga nziza cyane. Irakomera kandi irabonerana, kandi irwanya aside nke, bases n'ibindi bintu byinshi bishongesha.

Amanota yihariye

PET yo mu rwego rwo gushushanya ibara rito, icyatsi kibisi n'umuhondo woroshye. Polymeri y'amabara iri muri reactor ntabwo ikeneye kongerwamo ingaruka mbi ku miterere y'umubiri, kandi ikongera uburinganire bw'amabara. Hari resins nziza z'ubuso butandukanye. Copolymer za PET zikora buhoro buhoro, bigatuma zikora amacupa ya soda meza mu buryo butandukanye bwo gutunganya. Polymeri ishobora gutegurwa ikoresheje extrusion blow mold nayo irahari. Iki gikoresho gihuza ibyiza byo gushonga neza no gushonga buhoro buhoro, kandi gishobora gutunganywa byoroshye ku bikoresho bikwiye byo gushushanya ikoresheje extrusion blow molding. Polymeri zitandukanye zikomejwe, zirinda umuriro n'izindi zidasanzwe zihora zishyirwaho cyangwa zihindurwa kugira ngo zihuze n'ikoreshwa rishya.

PETGCopolyester ni urundi rugero rw'umubare munini wa copolyester. Bitandukanye na PCTA, ihindurwa na aside, PETG ni polymer yahinduwe na diol ikorwa binyuze mu guhuza CHDM diol na TPA (aside terephthalique) na ethylene glycol. Copolymer za PETG zishobora gucukurwa cyangwa gukurwamo kandi akenshi ziguma zidafite ishusho, zibonerana kandi zidafite ibara, ndetse no mu bice binini.

Ifite ubukana bwinshi, ubukana kandi ikomeye neza, ndetse no mu bushyuhe buke. Uruvange rw'ubukonje, ubukana n'imbaraga zo gushonga bituma igira akamaro mu gushushanya inshinge, gushushanya no gusohora imyanda, imiyoboro, filime n'amashuka. PETG iboneka mu buryo butarahinduka cyangwa hamwe n'inyongera zitandukanye, harimo ibikoresho birekura, masterbatches, na modifiers zo gushushanya inshinge.

PETG igomba kuyumishwa kuri dogere 120-160F mu gihe cy'amasaha agera kuri 4-6 mbere yo gushushanya cyangwa gusohora. Muri ibyo bikorwa byombi, ubushyuhe bwo gushonga buri hagati ya dogere 420F na 510F. Igihe cyo gufata ibikoresho byo gutunganya ku bushyuhe bwinshi kigomba kuba gito cyane kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika gukabije. Gutunganya inshinge bigomba gukorwa ku mashini itunganya inshinge, bisaba ko buri shashi iba hagati ya 50% na 80% by'ubushobozi bwayo.

PETG ishobora gukurwamo no gupfundikirwa ku bushyuhe buri hagati ya 400-450F kugira ngo ikorwe amacupa abonerana yo gukoresha shampoo, isabune y'amazi, ibikoresho by'isuku, amavuta y'ubutare, n'ibipfunyika by'ibiribwa. Ibi bikoresho byujuje ibisabwa na FDA kugira ngo bihuzwe n'ibiribwa.

Gusohora bishobora gukora ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiterere, ndetse n'imiyoboro yo gupfunyika, amafirime, n'impapuro, harimo n'ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bipfunyika. PETG na PCTA bishobora gusukurwa hakoreshejwe ethylene oxide na Y rays.

Iyo ikoreshejwe mu gushushanya inshinge, PETG ikunze gutunganywa ku bushyuhe bwa 450-510F, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwa 70-130F. Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa harimo ibipfukisho by'ibikoresho, ibyuma bikingira imashini, ibikoresho byo kwisiga, utudomo tw'ibikoresho byo kugorora, ibikoresho byo kwerekana n'ibikinisho.

PET ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupfunyika soda n'ibinyobwa bidasembuye. PET ifite hafi 100% by'isoko ry'amapaki ya litiro 2 adakoreshwa mu kongera gukoreshwa, kandi amacupa ya litiro 1.5, litiro 1, litiro 0.5 n'amacupa mato ya PET nayo yamenyekanye cyane.

PET ikoreshwa mu biribwa, inzoga, amasabune. Biteganijwe ko PET izakomeza kwiyongera ku binyobwa bidafite karubone no mu mapaki y'ibicuruzwa byo mu nganda. Ibiryo bipfunyitse birimo sinapi, ibikomoka kuri karubone, amavuta y'ubunyobwa, ibirungo, amavuta yo guteka, cocktails n'imitobe irimo ingano nyinshi. Amabara mashya, cyane cyane amabara ya Weber, akunzwe cyane mu mapaki y'imiti, vitamine n'amasabune.

Imwe mu mikoreshereze mishya kandi yihuta cyane ku bikoresho bya PET ni ugupfunyika ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa, bisaba kuzuza ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Ibiryo byinshi, cyane cyane imbuto cyangwa ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa bifite imbuto nyinshi, bigomba gupfunyika kuri dogere 180 cyangwa irenga. Ibi bitanga uburyo bwo gufunga (gusukura) ibicuruzwa n'ibikoresho mu gihe cyo kuzuza. Ibikoresho bisanzwe, nk'amasashi yo gushyiramo soda n'ibinyobwa bidasembuye, bikunda kugabanuka no kwangirika iyo bishyizwe ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya dogere 160, bitewe no kuruhuka k'umuvuduko runaka. Ubwinshi bw'imihangayiko bukorwa mu gihe cyo gupfunyika icyuma. Ikoranabuhanga ryatejwe imbere kugira ngo ryongere ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gutunganya, ubusanzwe ryitwa ikoranabuhanga rya "gushyiraho ubushyuhe". Bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga ryihariye ryo gutunganya, hari ibisobanuro byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya, bifite umwihariko, bishingiye ku bikoresho bikwiye kuzuza kuri dogere 190-195 bishobora gukorwa. Ibicuruzwa bisaba gupfunyika bifite iki kimenyetso birimo imitobe y'imbuto. Ibinyobwa byinshi, icyayi, ibinyobwa bimwe na bimwe bya isotonic na siporo, ibirungo, imitobe y'inyongera n'amazi amwe na amwe y'ubutare.

Izindi nzira za PET zikoreshwa cyane mu gutwikira no gutwikira no gutwikira. PET ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gutwikira no gutwikira mu ifuru. Byongeye kandi, PET ya kristalo (CPET) ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze mu gukora amasahani yo mu ifuru.

Filimi ya PET ikunze kuba ireba impande ebyiri kandi ikoreshwa nk'amafoto ya X-ray n'andi mafoto, gupakira inyama na foromaje, kaseti za rukuruzi, gukingira amashanyarazi, amasahani yo gucapa n'imifuka yo gupakira amacupa. PET ikoreshwa kandi nk'ibikoresho by'inganda. Filimi ya PET n'impapuro za PET zitari kristali kandi zitareba imiterere yazo zitangiye gukoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho, amasahani, ibinyobwa n'ibikombe by'ibinyobwa.

Incamake: PETG ni verisiyo yavuguruye ya PET, ifite umucyo mwinshi, gukomera cyane, ubudahangarwa bwiza, kandi birumvikana ko ifite igiciro kiri hejuru.