Chii chakasiyana pakati pePET nePETG?

PET, polycondensate, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumafirimu ekurongedza chikafu uye fiber dzemachira, pakati pezvimwe zvinoshandiswa. Iye zvino yava kushandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinhu zvekurongedza, kwete mumabhodhoro esoda chete, asiwo mumagaba nemaplate ePET (APET), magaba ePET (CPET) ane crystalline. Mumakore mashanu apfuura, PET nemacopolyesters emhando yeinjiniya, sezvigadzirwa zvitsva zvepolymer, zvakashandiswa muzvinhu zveinjiniya uye zvekurongedza zvehunyanzvi, zvichiteerana.
Kubudirira kwePET mukuisa soda package kunokonzerwa nekusimba kwayo uye kujeka, kugona kwayo kutarisisa, kukosha kwayo kwemari, uye kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekugadzira mabhodhoro nekukurumidza. Magaba ezvinwiwa zvePET akareruka, haaputsike, anogona kushandiswazve, uye haapindi mhepo zvakanaka. Bhodhoro rezvinwiwa rePET rema litre maviri rakazadzwa rakareruka ne24% kupfuura bhodhoro regirazi rakafanana; bhodhoro risina chinhu rinorema 1/10 yebhodhoro regirazi rehukuru hwakaenzana. Izvi zvinochengetedza basa, simba, uye mari muzvinobatanidza zvese kubva kumugadziri kuenda kumutengi.
Kemikari uye Zvimiro

PET yemabhodhoro ezvinwiwa inogadzirwa kubva ku terephthalic acid (TPA) inowanikwa nekuoxidation ye p-xylene. Terephthalic acid inocheneswa kana kugadziriswa ne methanol kuti igadzire dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), kana kuoxidized kuti igadzire pure terephthalic acid (PTA). Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chePET i ethane, iyo inoshandurwa kuita ethylene glycol (EG) ne reaction. PET i condensation polymer inoumbwa ne continuous polymerization yeDMT (kana PTA) neEG mumamiriro akanyungudutswa, uye ipapo solid-state polymerization process yekuwana makristaro makuru uye final molecular weight uye intrinsic viscosity. Maitiro e solid-state anoitawo kuti ethanol iri mu polymer ive yakaderera zvakakwana.

Resin yePET inotengeswa inonyunguduka pa480F (), asi nzvimbo yekunyunguduka yePET ine kristalo yakawanda inenge 520F ().

PET yakasanganiswa nekristaro ine simba rakanaka kwazvo. Yakasimba uye yakajeka, uye inodzivirira maasidhi asina simba, mabhesi uye solvents akawanda.

Magiredhi akakosha

PET yemhando yeStretch Blow Moulding inogona kupa ruvara rwakasimba, girini uye yero yakajeka PET. Polymer ine ruvara iri mu reactor haidi kuwedzerwa nemhedzisiro yakaipa pahunhu hwemuviri, uye inovandudza kufanana kwemavara. Ma resin akachena ane viscosities dzakasiyana-siyana anowanikwa. Ma PET copolymers anonamira zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvinovabvumira kugadzira mabhodhoro esoda emhando yepamusoro mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekugadzirisa. Polymer inonamira inonamira inonamira inowanikwawo. Chinhu ichi chinobatanidza mabhenefiti esimba rakanaka rekunyunguduka uye kucheneruka kwekristaro, uye chinogona kugadziriswa zviri nyore pamidziyo yakakodzera ye extrusion blow moulding. Ma polymer akasiyana-siyana akasimbiswa, anodzora moto uye mamwe ma specialty anogara achiunzwa kana kugadziriswa kuti asangane nemashandisirwo matsva.

PETGCopolyester ndeimwe muenzaniso wehuwandu hwakawanda hwema copolyester. Kusiyana nePCTA, iyo inogadziriswa neasidhi, PETG ipolymer yakagadziriswa ne diol yakagadzirwa nekubatanidza CHDM diol ne TPA (terephthalic acid) uye ethylene glycol. Ma PETG copolymers anogona kuumbwa kana kuburitswa uye anowanzo ramba asina chimiro, akajeka uye asina ruvara, kunyangwe muzvikamu zvikuru.

Ine kuomarara kwakanyanya, kuomarara uye kuomarara kwakanaka, kunyangwe patembiricha yakaderera. Kusanganiswa kwekujeka, kuomarara uye simba rekunyunguduka kunoita kuti ibatsire pakuumba majekiseni, kuumba mabhuroko uye kubuda kwemaprofiles, mapaipi, mafirimu nemapepa. PETG inowanikwa muchimiro chisina kuchinjwa kana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira zvinoburitsa majekiseni, masterbatches, uye zvinogadzirisa majekiseni.

PETG inofanira kuomeswa pa 120-160F kwemaawa angangoita 4-6 isati yaumbwa kana kuburitswa. Mumaitiro ese ari maviri, tembiricha yekunyunguduka inotangira pa 420F kusvika pa 510F. Nguva yekubata michina yekugadzirisa patembiricha yakakwira inofanira kunge iri pfupi sezvinobvira kudzivirira kuora kwakanyanya. Kuumbwa kwejekiseni kunofanirwa kuitwa pamuchina wekugadzira jekiseni, zvichireva kuti pfuti yega yega inofanira kunge iri 50% kusvika 80% yesimba rayo.

PETG inogona kuburitswa nekuputirwa nemhepo pakupisa kwakanyunguduka kuri pakati pe400-450F kugadzira mabhodhoro akajeka eshampoo, sipo dzemvura, zvigadzirwa zvehutsanana, mafuta emaminerari, uye mapakeji ezvekudya. Izvi zvinosangana nezvinodiwa neFDA zvekubata chikafu.

Kuburitsa zvinhu kunogona kugadzira ma profiles akasiyana-siyana, pamwe nemachubhu ekurongedza, mafirimu, uye ma sheets, kusanganisira kurongedza zvishandiso zvekurapa. PETG nePCTA zvinogona kucheneswa ne ethylene oxide ne Y rays.

Kana ichishandiswa pakuumba nejekiseni, PETG inowanzo gadziriswa patembiricha yekunyunguduka ye450-510F, netembiricha yeforoma yeinenge 70-130F. Mashandisirwo aripo pari zvino anosanganisira zvivharo zvemidziyo, nhoo dzemuchina, midziyo yekushongedza, marongero emidziyo yekupinza, zvikamu zvekuratidzira uye matoyi.

PET inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira mapurasitiki ezvinwiwa zvine soda nezvinwiwa zvisina kupfava. PET ine musika wemidziyo isingadzokororwe ine marita maviri, uye mabhodhoro ePET ane marita 1.5, marita 1, marita 0.5 nemadiki anozivikanwawo zvakanyanya.

PET inoshandiswa muzvikafu, doro, sipo. Kudiwa kwePET kunotarisirwa kuramba kuchikura kune zvinwiwa zvisina kabhoni uye kurongedza zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri. Zvikafu zvinoiswa mumapaketi zvinosanganisira masitadhi, zvigadzirwa zverabha, peanut butter, zvinonhuhwirira, mafuta ekubikisa, macocktails uye muto wakaomeswa. Mavara matsva, kunyanya mavara eWeber, anozivikanwa mukupakata mishonga, mavhitamini nesipo.

Imwe yenzira itsva uye iri kukura nekukurumidza dzekushandisa midziyo yePET ndeyekurongedza chikafu kana zvinwiwa, izvo zvinoda kuzadza pakupisa kwakanyanya. Zvikafu zvakawanda, kunyanya michero kana chikafu kana zvinwiwa zvine muchero wakawanda, zvinofanirwa kurongedza pa 180F kana kupfuura. Izvi zvinopa pasteurization (sterilization) yechigadzirwa nemudziyo panguva yekuzadza. Midziyo yakajairika, senge mabhegi esoda nezvinwiwa zvisina kupfava, inowanzo tetepa uye kuora kana ikasangana nekupisa kuri pamusoro pe 160F, izvo zvinokonzerwa nekurerukirwa kwekushushikana. Kuwanda kwekushushikana kunoitika panguva yekuumbwa kwemudziyo. Tekinoroji yakagadzirwa kuti ivandudze kudzivirira kupisa panguva yekugadzira, inowanzonzi tekinoroji ye "kupisa". Zvichienderana netekinoroji chaiyo yekugadzira, kune ruzivo rwakati wandei rwetekinoroji yekugadzira, iyo ine hunyanzvi hwakanyanya, zvichibva pane kuti ndeapi midziyo yakakodzera kuzadza pa 190-195F inogona kugadzirwa. Zvigadzirwa zvinoda kurongedza zvine hunhu uhwu zvinosanganisira majusi emichero yakachena. Zvinwiwa zvine muto wakawanda, tii, zvimwe zvinwiwa zve isotonic uye zvemitambo, zvinonaka, majusi akaomeswa uye mamwe mamineral water.

Mamwe mashandisirwo ePET anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira machira ekubvisa zvinhu (extrusion coating) uye firimu rekubvisa zvinhu (extrusion film) nepepa. PET inoshandiswa sechishongo chekuwedzera zvinhu (extrusion coating) chekurongedza pepa muovheni. Pamusoro pezvo, crystalline PET (CPET) inogona kushandiswa sechishongo chekugadzira matireyi eovheni.

Firimu rePET rinowanzo shandiswa seX-ray nemamwe mafirimu emifananidzo, kurongedza nyama nechizi, matepi emagineti, kuputira magetsi, mapurati ekudhinda nemabhegi ekuisa mumabhodhoro. PET inoshandiswawo sematepi eindasitiri. Firimu rePET nepepa zvisina kucheneswa, zvisina kucheneswa zviri kutanga kushandiswa kugadzira midziyo, matireyi, zvigadzirwa zvefuro uye makapu ezvinwiwa.

Pfupiso: PETG ishanduro yakagadziridzwa yePET, ine kujeka kwakanyanya, kusimba kwakanyanya, kuramba kukanganiswa kuri nani, uye zvechokwadi mutengo wakakwira.