He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te PET me te PETG?

PET, he polycondensate, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā kiriata takai kai me ngā muka kakahu, me ētahi atu whakamahinga. Inaianei kei te piki haere te whakamahinga hei rauemi takai, ehara i te mea i roto i ngā pounamu houra anake, engari i roto hoki i ngā kēne me ngā pereti PET kore-ahua (APET), PET tioata (CPET). I roto i ngā tau e rima kua pahure ake nei, kua whakamahia te PET me ngā copolyesters kounga-hangarau, hei hua polymer hou, i roto i ngā rauemi takai hangarau me ngā rauemi takai motuhake.
Ko te angitu o te PET i roto i ngā takai houra tunutunu nā tōna pakari me tōna mārama, tōna āheinga whakatakoto, tōna uara ōhanga pai rawa atu, me te whanaketanga o te hangarau tukatuka pounamu tere-teitei. He mama ngā kēne inu PET, he ātete ki te pakaru, he taea te whakamahi anō, ā, he pai te ātete hau. He 24% te mama ake o te pounamu inu PET 2-rita kua whakakīia i tētahi pounamu karāhe rite; ko te taumaha o te pounamu kau he 1/10 o te pounamu karāhe ōrite te rahi. Mā tēnei ka penapena i te mahi, te pūngao, me ngā utu i roto i ngā hononga katoa mai i te kaihanga ki te kaihoko.
Matū me ngā Āhuatanga

Ko te PET mō ngā pounamu inu ka hangaia mai i te waikawa terephthalic (TPA) i whiwhihia mā te waikura o te p-xylene. Ka purea te waikawa terephthalic, ka tauhohe rānei ki te methanol hei hanga i te dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), ka waikurahia anō rānei hei hanga i te waikawa terephthalic parakore (PTA). Ko tētahi atu rauemi mata mō te PET ko te ethane, ka hurihia hei ethylene glycol (EG) mā te tauhohenga. Ko te PET he pūmua whakapūpū i hangaia e te whakapūpū tonu o te DMT (PTA rānei) me te EG i roto i te āhua rewa, kātahi ka mahia he tukanga whakapūpū totoka hei whiwhi tioata nui me te taumaha ngota whakamutunga me te matotoru ā-roto. Mā te tukanga totoka ka iti te ihirangi etanoru o te pūmua.

Ka rewa te kapia PET arumoni whānui i te 480F (), engari ko te pae rewa o te PET tioata-tioata teitei he 520F ().

He tino kaha te PET tioata kua whakahāngaihia. He pakari, he mārama hoki, ā, he ātete ki ngā waikawa ngoikore, ki ngā kawa me ngā momo whakarewa maha.

Ngā māka motuhake

Ka taea e te PET whatu pupuhi totoro te whakarato i te tae totoka, te kakariki me te kōwhai mārama PET. Kāore e hiahiatia kia whakakotahihia te polymer tae i roto i te tauhohenga me ngā pānga kino ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana, ā, ka whakapai ake i te ōritetanga o te tae. Kei te wātea ngā kapia parakore o ngā momo matotoru ā-roto. Ka āta whakatio ngā copolymer PET, ka taea ai e rātou te whakaputa pounamu houra kounga teitei i runga i te whānuitanga o ngā tikanga tukatuka. Kei te wātea hoki he polymer whatu pupuhi extrusion. Ka whakakotahihia e tēnei rauemi ngā painga o te kaha rewa pai me te whakatio puhoi, ā, ka taea te tukatuka ngāwari ki runga i ngā taputapu whatu pupuhi extrusion e tika ana. Kei te whakaurua tonutia, kei te whakarerekētia rānei ngā polymer motuhake kua whakapakaritia, ātete mura me ētahi atu kia tutuki ai ngā tono hou.

PETGKo te copolyester tētahi atu tauira o te maha o ngā copolyester. Kāore i rite ki te PCTA, e whakarerekētia ana ki te waikawa, ko te PETG he pūmua whakarerekētia-diol i hangaia mā te whakakotahi i te CHDM diol me te TPA (waikawa terephthalic) me te ethylene glycol. Ka taea te whakarewa, te whakaputa rānei i ngā copolymer PETG, ā, he maha tonu te noho kore āhua, te mārama, me te kore tae, ahakoa i roto i ngā wāhanga whakawhiti nui.

He tino pakari, he mārō, he pakari hoki, ahakoa i ngā pāmahana iti. Nā te whakakotahitanga o te mārama, te pakari me te kaha rewa, he mea whai hua mō te werohanga, te pupuhi me te whakaputa i ngā kōtaha, ngā paipa, ngā kiriata me ngā rau. Kei te wātea te PETG i roto i te āhua kāore i whakarerekētia, i roto rānei i ngā tāpiringa maha, tae atu ki ngā kaihoko tuku, ngā puranga matua, me ngā whakarerekētanga pānga mō te werohanga.

Me whakamaroke te PETG i te 120-160F mō te 4-6 hāora i mua i te whakahāngai, i te whakaputanga rānei. I ngā tukanga e rua, ko te pāmahana rewa kei waenga i te 420F ki te 510F. Me poto te wā pupuri o ngā taputapu tukatuka i ngā pāmahana teitei ake hei ārai i te pirau nui. Me mahi te whakahāngai werohanga ki runga i te mīhini whakahāngai werohanga, me 50% ki te 80% o tōna kaha te rahi o ia werohanga.

Ka taea te whakaputa i te PETG me te pupuhi i ngā pāmahana rewa i waenga i te 400-450F hei hanga pounamu mārama mō te hopi horoi makawe, ngā hopi horoi wai, ngā hua akuaku, ngā hinu kohuke, me ngā takai kai. E tutuki ana tēnei rauemi i ngā paerewa FDA mō te pā atu ki te kai.

Ka taea e te whakaputanga te whakaputa i te whānuitanga o ngā kōtaha, tae atu ki ngā ngongo takai, ngā kiriata, me ngā rau, tae atu ki ngā takai taputapu hauora. Ka taea te whakahoromata i te PETG me te PCTA ki te ethylene oxide me ngā hihi Y.

Ina whakamahia mō te whakahāngai werohanga, ka tukatukahia te PETG i te awhe pāmahana rewa o te 450-510F, me te pāmahana pokepokea ai o te 70-130F. Ko ngā tono o nāianei ko ngā taupoki taputapu, ngā parepare mīhini, ngā ipu whakapaipai, ngā tohu taputapu rīwhi, ngā wāhanga whakaaturanga me ngā taonga takaro.

Ko te PET te nuinga e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā takai houra me ngā inu ngāwari. Tata ki te 100% o te mākete ipu kore-hangarua 2-rita te PET, ā, kua mōhiotia whānuitia hoki ngā pounamu PET 1.5-rita, 1-rita, 0.5-rita me ngā pounamu iti ake.

Ka whakamahia te PET i roto i te kai, te waipiro, me ngā hopi horoi. E matapaetia ana ka piki haere tonu te hiahia mō te PET mō ngā inu kore waro me ngā takai hua ahumahi. Kei roto i ngā kai kua takaihia ko te māti, ngā hua rapa, te pata pīnati, ngā mea kakara, ngā hinu tunu kai, ngā kokotere me ngā wai kukū. He rongonui ngā tae hou, inā koa ngā tae Weber, i roto i ngā takai o ngā rongoā, ngā huaora me ngā hopi horoi.

Ko tētahi o ngā tono hou me te tino tere tipu mō ngā ipu PET ko te takai kai, inu rānei, e hiahiatia ana kia whakakīia ki ngā pāmahana teitei. He maha ngā kai, inā koa ngā hua rākau, ngā kai, ngā inu rānei he nui ngā hua, me takai ki te 180F, neke atu rānei. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakamāori (te whakahoromata) i te hua me te ipu i te wā e whakakīia ana. Ko ngā ipu tuku iho, pērā i ngā putea mō te houra me ngā inu ngāwari, ka mimiti, ka huri te āhua ina tukuna ki ngā pāmahana neke atu i te 160F, nā te whakangāwari o te ahotea. Ka puta te kukū ahotea i te wā e totorohia ana te pupuhi o te ipu. Kua whakawhanakehia he hangarau hei whakapai ake i te ātete wera i te wā tukatuka, e kiia ana ko te hangarau "whakatakoto wera". I runga i te hangarau tukatuka motuhake, he maha ngā taipitopito hangarau tukatuka, he tino rangatira, i runga i ngā ipu e tika ana mō te whakakī i te 190-195F ka taea te whakaputa. Ko ngā hua e hiahia ana ki te takai me tēnei āhuatanga ko ngā wai hua parakore. Ngā inu wai nui, ngā tī, ētahi inu isotonic me ngā inu hākinakina, ngā mea kakara, ngā wai kukū me ētahi wai kohuke.

Ko ētahi atu whakamahinga whakamutunga o te PET e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te paninga extrusion me te kiriata me te pepa extrusion. Ka whakamahia te PET hei rauemi paninga extrusion mō ngā takai pepa ka taea te tunu ki te oumu. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakamahi i te PET tioata (CPET) hei rauemi taketake mō te hanga paepae oumu.

Ko te kiriata PET he mea hanga ki ngā taha rua, ā, e whakamahia ana hei kiriata whakaahua X-ray me ētahi atu, hei takai mīti me te tiihi, hei rīpene aukume, hei whakamahana hiko, hei pereti tā me ngā putea takai pounamu. E whakamahia ana hoki te PET hei rauemi rīpene ahumahi. Kei te tīmata te whakamahi i te kiriata me te pepa PET kore-kiriata, kore-whakatakoto mō te hanga ipu, paepae, hua pahuka me kapu inu.

Whakarāpopototanga: He putanga whakapai ake a PETG o te PET, he mārama ake, he pakari ake, he ātete pai ake ki ngā pānga, ā, he nui ake te utu.