Ivumbi ni imwe mu mpanuka z’ubwiza n’umutekano w’ibicuruzwa byo kwisiga. Hari ahantu henshi haturuka ivumbi mu bicuruzwa byo kwisiga, muri byo ivumbi riva mu bikorwa byo gukora ni ryo kintu nyamukuru, rikubiyemo ibidukikije byo gukora ibicuruzwa byo kwisiga ubwabyo n’ibidukikije byo gukora ibikoresho byo gupfunyika. Amahugurwa adafite ivumbi ni bwo buryo bw’ingenzi bwa tekiniki n’ibikoresho byo gupfunyika kugira ngo hamenyekane ivumbi. Amahugurwa adafite ivumbi ubu akoreshwa cyane mu gukora ibihangano byo kwisiga n’ibikoresho byo gupfunyika.
1. Uburyo ivumbi rikorwa Mbere yo gusobanukirwa neza amahame ngenderwaho n’uburyo rikorwa mu bigo bitagira ivumbi, tugomba kubanza gusobanura uburyo ivumbi rikorwa. Hari ibintu bitanu by’ingenzi bigize ivumbi: kuva mu kirere, kwinjira mu bikoresho fatizo, kuva mu mikorere y’ibikoresho, kuva mu mikorere y’ibikoresho, n’ibintu bikomoka ku bantu. Ibigo bitagira ivumbi bikoresha ibikoresho n’imiterere byihariye kugira ngo bitange uduce duto tw’ivumbi, umwuka wangiza, bagiteri, nibindi mu kirere, mu gihe bigenzura ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu, igitutu, ikwirakwira ry’umwuka n’umuvuduko w’umwuka, isuku, urusaku, amatara, amashanyarazi adahinduka, nibindi, kugira ngo ibidukikije byo hanze bihinduke uko byagenda kose, bishobore kugumana isuku n’ubushuhe byari bisanzweho mbere.
Umubare w'uduce tw'umukungugu twakozwe mu gihe cyo kugenda
Umukungugu ukurwa gute?
2. Incamake y'imyitozo idafite ivumbi
Iduka ritagira ivumbi, rizwi kandi nk'icyumba gisukuye, ni icyumba aho ubwinshi bw'uduce tw'umwuka bugenzurwa. Hari ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi mu kugenzura ubwinshi bw'uduce tw'umwuka, ari byo gukora uduce tw'imbere mu nzu n'utw'utubitse. Kubwibyo, iduka ritagira ivumbi naryo ryateguwe kandi rigakorwa hashingiwe kuri ibi bintu bibiri.
3.Urwego rw'ishuri ritagira ivumbi
Urwego rw'aho gukorera hadakoreshejwe ivumbi (icyumba gisukuye) rushobora kugabanywamo 100.000, 10.000, 100, 100 na 10. Uko umubare ugenda uba muto, niko urwego rw'isukuye rugenda rwiyongera. Umushinga wo gusukura icyumba gisukuye cy'urwego 10 ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda za semiconductor zifite umuvuduko uri munsi ya mikoroni 2. Icyumba gisukuye cy'urwego 100 gishobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byo gukora imiti idafite aside mu nganda zikora imiti, nibindi. Uyu mushinga wo gusukura icyumba gisukuye ukoreshwa cyane mu byumba byo kubaga, harimo kubaga ibikoresho bivangwa, gukora ibikoresho bihujwe, ahantu ho kwitandukanya, nibindi. Urwego rw'isukura ry'umwuka (icyiciro cy'isukura ry'umwuka): Igipimo ngenderwaho cyo kugabanya igipimo ntarengwa cy'uduce turenze cyangwa kingana n'ingano y'uduce dufatwa nk'uko bigaragazwa mu ngano y'umwuka mu mwanya usukuye. Urwego rw'aho gukorera hadakoreshejwe ivumbi rugabanywa ahanini hakurikijwe umubare w'igihe cyo guhumeka, umubare w'uduce tw'umukungugu na mikorobe. Mu gihugu, ahantu ho gukoreramo ibintu bidafite ivumbi haragenzurwa kandi hakemerwa hakurikijwe imiterere y’ubusa, ihamye n’ihindagurika, hakurikijwe "Ibisobanuro bya GB50073-2013 by’Ibishushanyo mbonera by’Ibihingwa Bisukuye" na "Ibisobanuro bya GB50591-2010 by’Iyubakwa ry’Ibyumba Bisukuye n’Ibyemewe".
4. Kubaka ahantu hatagira ivumbi
Uburyo bwo gusukura ivumbi mu iduka ry'imyuzure
Umuyaga utembera - gusukura by'ibanze - icyuma gikonjesha - gusukura by'ingirakamaro biciriritse - gutanga umwuka uva mu kabati ko gusukura - umuyoboro w'umwuka utanga umwuka - aho umwuka usohoka neza cyane - guhumeka mu cyumba gisukuye - gukuraho umukungugu, bagiteri n'utundi duce - gusubiza umwuka inyuma - gusukura by'ibanze. Subiramo akazi kavuzwe haruguru inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo ugere ku ngaruka zo gusukura.
Uburyo bwo kubaka ikigo kitagira ivumbi
1. Igishushanyo mbonera: Igishushanyo gikurikije imiterere y'aho igikorwa giherereye, urwego rw'umushinga, agace, n'ibindi.
2. Shyiramo ibice: Ibikoresho by'igice bigizwe n'icyuma gifite ibara ry'amabara, bingana n'urukiramende rusange rw'aho hantu hatari ivumbi.
3. Shyiramo igisenge: harimo filters, conditioners, amatara yo gusukura, nibindi bikenewe mu gusukura.
4. Ibikoresho byo gusukura: Ni byo bikoresho by'ingenzi by'ahakorerwa imirimo idafite ivumbi, harimo filters, amatara yo gusukura, ibyuma bikonjesha, douche, imiyoboro y'umwuka, n'ibindi.
5. Ubuhanga bwo hasi: Hitamo irangi rikwiye ryo hasi ukurikije ubushyuhe n'igihe cy'izuba.
6. Kwemerwa k'umushinga: Kwemerwa kw'aho hantu hatari ivumbi bifite amahame akomeye yo kwemerwa, muri rusange akaba ari ukureba niba amahame y'isuku yubahirizwa, niba ibikoresho ari byose, ndetse niba imikorere ya buri gace ari isanzwe.
Amabwiriza yo kwitondera kubaka ahantu hatagira ivumbi
Mu gihe cyo gushushanya no kubaka, ni ngombwa kwita ku bibazo by’umwanda n’ubwandu mu gihe cyo gutunganya, no gushushanya no guhindura neza inshuro z’umwuka ukoreshwa muri icyuma gikonjesha cyangwa ingaruka z’ubushyuhe bw’umuyoboro w’umwuka.
Witondere imikorere y'umuyoboro w'umwuka, ugomba kuba ufite uburyo bwo gufunga neza, udafite ivumbi, udafite umwanda, urwanya ingese, kandi urinda ubushuhe.
Witondere ikoreshwa ry'ingufu za conditioner. Kongerera ikirere ni ingenzi mu iduka ritagira ivumbi kandi rikoresha ingufu nyinshi. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kwibanda ku ikoreshwa ry'ingufu za conditioner, amafeni, n'ibikoresho bikonjesha, hanyuma ugahitamo uburyo bwo kuzigama ingufu.
Ni ngombwa gushyiraho telefoni n'ibikoresho byo kuzimya inkongi. Telefoni zishobora kugabanya urujya n'uruza rw'abakozi mu iduka no gukumira ivumbi riterwa no kugenda. Hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku nkongi kugira ngo bitange ingaruka z'inkongi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira 10-2024