Chiyambi: Njira yopangirazinthu zapulasitikiMakamaka pali njira zinayi zofunika: kupanga nkhungu, kukonza pamwamba, kusindikiza, ndi kusonkhanitsa. Kukonza pamwamba ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Pofuna kulimbitsa mphamvu yolumikizirana ya chophimbacho ndikupereka maziko abwino oyendetsera pulasitiki, njira yokonzekera isanayambe ndiyofunika kwambiri.
Kusamalira zinthu zapulasitiki pamwamba pake
Makamaka zimaphatikizapo chithandizo cha kupaka utoto ndi kupaka utoto. Kawirikawiri, mapulasitiki amakhala ndi kristalo wambiri, polarity yaying'ono kapena polarity yosakhalapo, komanso mphamvu yochepa pamwamba, zomwe zimakhudza kumatira kwa kupaka utoto. Popeza pulasitiki ndi chotetezera mpweya chosayendetsa mpweya, sichingapakidwe mwachindunji pamwamba pa pulasitiki malinga ndi momwe njira yonse yopangira electroplating imafotokozera. Chifukwa chake, musanagwiritse ntchito pamwamba, chithandizo chofunikira chiyenera kuchitika kuti muwongolere mphamvu ya kupaka utoto ndikupereka gawo loyendetsa pansi lokhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yolumikizira kupaka utoto.
Kukonza utoto pasadakhale
Kukonza zinthu pasadakhale kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa mafuta pamwamba pa pulasitiki, mwachitsanzo kutsuka mafuta ndi chotulutsira mafuta pamwamba pake, ndikuyambitsa pamwamba pa pulasitiki, kuti pakhale kumatirira bwino kwa chophimbacho.
1, Kuchotsa mafuta
Kuchotsa mafutazinthu zapulasitikiMofanana ndi kuchotsa mafuta pazinthu zachitsulo, kuchotsa mafuta pazinthu zapulasitiki kungachitike poyeretsa ndi zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe kapena kuchotsa mafuta ndi zinthu zamadzimadzi za alkaline zokhala ndi zinthu zosungunulira. Kuchotsa mafuta ndi zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe ndikoyenera kuyeretsa parafini, sera wa njuchi, mafuta ndi dothi lina lachilengedwe kuchokera pamwamba pa pulasitiki. Zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito siziyenera kusungunuka, kutumphuka kapena kuswa pulasitiki, ndipo zimakhala ndi malo otsika otentha, zimasinthasintha, sizowopsa komanso sizingayaka. Zinthu zamadzimadzi za alkaline ndizoyenera kuchotsa mafuta m'mapulasitiki osagwira ntchito m'madzi a alkaline. Yankho lake lili ndi soda yoopsa, mchere wa alkaline ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosungunulira. Yankho lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi OP series, mwachitsanzo alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, yomwe sipanga thovu ndipo siimakhala pamwamba pa pulasitiki.
2, Kutsegula pamwamba
Kuyambitsa uku ndiko kukonza mawonekedwe a pamwamba pa pulasitiki, kutanthauza kuti, kupanga magulu ena a polar pamwamba pa pulasitiki kapena kuikonza kuti chophimbacho chizitha kunyowetsedwa mosavuta ndikulowetsedwa pamwamba pa workpiece. Pali njira zambiri zochizira pamwamba, monga kuoxidation kwa mankhwala, kuoxidation kwa malawi, kupukuta nthunzi yosungunuka ndi kuoxidation kwa corona discharge. Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mankhwala ooxidation a crystal, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito madzi ochizira chromic acid, ndipo njira yake yodziwika bwino ndi 4.5% potassium dichromate, 8.0% water, ndi 87.5% concentrated sulfuric acid (yoposa 96%).
Zinthu zina zapulasitiki, monga polystyrene ndi ABS plastics, zimatha kuphimbidwa mwachindunji popanda mankhwala ophera okosijeni. Kuti apange utoto wabwino kwambiri, mankhwala ophera okosijeni amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pochotsa mafuta, pulasitiki ya ABS imatha kujambulidwa ndi madzi oyeretsedwa a chromic acid. Njira yake yochiritsira ndi 420g/L chromic acid ndi 200ml/L sulfuric acid (mphamvu yake yokoka 1.83). Njira yochiritsira yachizolowezi ndi 65℃70℃/5min10min, kutsuka ndi madzi, ndikuwumitsa. Ubwino wopaka ndi madzi ophera okosijeni a chromic acid ndikuti ngakhale mawonekedwe a chinthu cha pulasitiki ali ovuta bwanji, amatha kuchiritsidwa mofanana. Choyipa chake ndichakuti ntchitoyo ndi yoopsa ndipo pali mavuto oipitsa.
Kukonza chisanadze chophimba chophimba
Cholinga cha kukonzekera chisanadze chophimba ndikukonza kuti chophimbacho chikhale chomatira pamwamba pa pulasitiki ndikupanga gawo la pansi la chitsulo choyendetsa pamwamba pa pulasitiki. Njira yokonzekera isanadze imaphatikizapo makamaka: kukonza makina, kuchotsa mafuta m'thupi, kukonza matope m'thupi, kukonza mphamvu, kuyambitsa, kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kuyika matope m'thupi. Zinthu zitatu zoyambirira ndi kukonza kumatira kwa chophimbacho, ndipo zinthu zinayi zomaliza ndi kupanga gawo la pansi la chitsulo choyendetsa.
1, Kukonza makina ndi kukonza mankhwala
Kukonza makina ndi kukonza mankhwala osakaniza ndi njira zopangira pulasitiki kuti zikhale zolimba pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakina ndi njira zamakina motsatana kuti malo olumikizirana pakati pa chophimba ndi gawo lapansi achuluke. Kawirikawiri amakhulupirira kuti mphamvu yolumikizirana yomwe ingapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito makina osakaniza ndi pafupifupi 10% yokha ya mphamvu ya makina osakaniza.
2, Kuchotsa mafuta m'thupi
Njira yochotsera mafuta pokonzekera pulasitiki pamwamba ndi yofanana ndi njira yochotsera mafuta pokonzekera pulasitiki pamwamba.
3, Kudziwitsa anthu za vuto la mtima
Kuzindikira ndikutenga zinthu zina zomwe zimasungunuka mosavuta, monga tin dichloride, titanium trichloride, ndi zina zotero, pamwamba pa mapulasitiki okhala ndi mphamvu inayake yosungunuka. Zinthuzi zomwe zimasungunuka mosavuta zimasungunuka panthawi yoyambitsa, ndipo choyambitsa chimachepetsedwa kukhala ma crystal nuclei ndipo chimakhalabe pamwamba pa chinthucho. Ntchito ya sensitization ndikuyika maziko a chitsulo chowonjezera cha mankhwala.
4, Kutsegula
Kuyambitsa ndi kuchiza pamwamba pa zinthu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi madzi pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la mankhwala achitsulo omwe amagwira ntchito ngati catalytically active. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumiza chinthucho chomwe chimalowetsedwa ndi chochepetsera madzi mu yankho lamadzi lomwe lili ndi oxidant ya mchere wachitsulo wamtengo wapatali, kuti ma ayoni achitsulo amtengo wapatali achepetsedwe ndi S2+n ngati oxidant, ndipo chitsulo chamtengo wapatali chochepetsedwacho chimayikidwa pamwamba pa chinthucho mu mawonekedwe a tinthu ta colloidal, chomwe chimakhala ndi mphamvu yothandiza kwambiri. Pamene pamwamba pake pamizidwa mu yankho la mankhwala, tinthuti timakhala malo othandizira, zomwe zimafulumizitsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opangira.
5, chithandizo chochepetsa
Asanayambe kuyika mankhwala, zinthu zomwe zayatsidwa ndi kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyera zimamizidwa mu yankho linalake la reducing agent lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika mankhwala kuti lichepetse ndikuchotsa activator yosasamba. Izi zimatchedwa reducing treatment. Pamene mankhwala a mkuwa aikidwa, formaldehyde solution imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa, ndipo pamene mankhwala a nickel aikidwa, sodium hypophosphite solution imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa.
6, Kupaka mankhwala
Cholinga cha kuyika zinthu m'mafakitale ndikupanga filimu yachitsulo yoyendetsa pamwamba pa zinthu zapulasitiki kuti pakhale malo oyika zinthu m'mafakitale achitsulo. Chifukwa chake, kuyika zinthu m'mafakitale ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu m'mafakitale apulasitiki.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-13-2024