Ndi chitukuko cha zachuma, kusintha kwa miyezo ya moyo wa anthu, komanso kusintha kosalekeza kwa malingaliro a ogula, zinthu zopangidwa mwamakonda kwambiri zikukondedwa ndi ogula. Kusintha umunthu kumakwaniritsa zosowa za ogula masiku ano. Zinthu zina zapadera sizingasindikizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe zosindikizira, koma zitha kusindikizidwa pafupifupi pamalo aliwonse ovuta pogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira otumizira madzi. Nkhaniyi yasinthidwa ndiphukusi la utawaleza la Shanghaikuti muwerenge.
Kusamutsa madzi
Kusindikiza kwa madziUkadaulo ndi mtundu wa kusindikiza komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya madzi kuti kusungunule pepala/pulasitiki yosamutsa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pamene zosowa za anthu pakuyika ndi kukongoletsa zinthu zikuchulukirachulukira, kugwiritsa ntchito kusindikiza kosamutsa madzi kwakhala kwakukulu. Mfundo yosindikizira yosalunjika komanso zotsatira zabwino zosindikiza zathetsa mavuto ambiri okongoletsa pamwamba pa zinthu.
01 Gulu
Pali mitundu iwiri ya ukadaulo wotumizira madzi, umodzi ndi ukadaulo wotumizira zizindikiro za madzi, ndipo wina ndi ukadaulo wotumizira zokutira madzi.
Choyamba chimatha kusamutsa zolemba ndi zithunzi, pomwe chachiwiri chimachita kusamutsa kwathunthu pamwamba pa chinthu chonsecho. Ukadaulo wosamutsa pamwamba umagwiritsa ntchito filimu yosungunuka m'madzi yomwe imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi kuti inyamule zithunzi ndi zolemba. Chifukwa filimu yophimba madzi imakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino, n'zosavuta kukulunga pamwamba pa chinthucho kuti ipange mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, ndipo pamwamba pa chinthucho pali mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri monga utoto wopopera. Itha kuphimbidwa ndi zinthu zamtundu uliwonse kuti ithetse vuto la kusindikiza zinthu zamitundu itatu kwa opanga. Chophimba cha pamwamba chopindika chingawonjezerenso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana pamwamba pa chinthucho, monga kapangidwe ka chikopa, kapangidwe ka matabwa, kapangidwe ka jade ndi kapangidwe ka marble, ndi zina zotero, ndipo chingapewenso malo opanda kanthu omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera posindikiza. Ndipo posindikiza, popeza pamwamba pa chinthucho sikuyenera kukhudzana ndi filimu yosindikiza, kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba pa chinthucho ndi umphumphu wake zitha kupewedwa.
Kusamutsa madzi ndi filimu yapadera yothiridwa mankhwalaPambuyo posindikiza mizere yofunikira ya utoto, imatumizidwa pamwamba pa madzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya madzi, mizere ya utoto ndi mapangidwe ake zimasamutsidwa mofanana pamwamba pa chinthucho. Chimadzisungunuka m'madzi okha, ndipo chikatsukidwa ndi kuuma, chophimba choteteza chimayikidwa. Pakadali pano, chinthucho chawonetsa mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri.
02 Zipangizo zoyambira ndi zinthu zosindikizira
①Chigawo chosamutsira madzi.
Chitsulo chosamutsira madzi chikhoza kukhala filimu ya pulasitiki kapena pepala losamutsira madzi. Zinthu zambiri zimakhala zovuta kusindikiza mwachindunji. Choyamba mutha kusindikiza zithunzi ndi zolemba pa chitsulo chosamutsira madzi kudzera muukadaulo wosindikiza wachikulire, kenako nkusamutsa zithunzizo ku chitsulo. Zipangizo.
Kapepala kamadzi kopindika ka miyeso itatu
Filimu yophimba madzi imasindikizidwa pamwamba pa filimu ya polyvinyl alcohol yosungunuka m'madzi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosindikizira yachikhalidwe ya gravure. Ili ndi liwiro lalikulu kwambiri lotambasula ndipo ndi yosavuta kuphimba pamwamba pa chinthucho kuti ikwaniritse kusamutsa kwa magawo atatu. Choyipa chake ndichakuti pakuphimba, chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa substrate, zithunzi ndi zolemba zimakhala zosavuta kusokoneza. Pachifukwa ichi, zithunzi ndi zolemba nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ngati mapangidwe opitilira, ngakhale kusamutsako kutakhala kolakwika, sikukhudza momwe amawonera. Nthawi yomweyo, filimu yophimba madzi ya gravure imagwiritsa ntchito inki yosamutsa madzi. Poyerekeza ndi inki yachikhalidwe, inki yosindikiza yosamutsa madzi imakhala ndi kukana bwino madzi, ndipo njira yowumitsa ndi kuuma kwa volatilization.
Pepala losamutsira chizindikiro cha madzi
Zinthu zoyambira za pepala losamutsira chizindikiro cha madzi ndi pepala lapadera. Zinthu zoyambira ziyenera kukhala ndi khalidwe lokhazikika, kukula kolondola, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu ku malo osindikizira, kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri, kosavata kupindika ndi kupotoza, kosavuta kusindikiza ndi kupaka utoto, ndipo guluu pamwamba pake ndi wokutidwa mofanana. Zinthu monga kuthamanga kwa madzi m'thupi mwachangu. Kapangidwe kake, palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa pepala losamutsira madzi ndi filimu yosamutsira chophimba cha madzi, koma njira yopangira ndi yosiyana kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, pepala losamutsira chizindikiro cha madzi limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zithunzi ndi zolemba zosamutsira pamwamba pa substrate pogwiritsa ntchito kusindikiza pazenera kapena kusindikiza kwa offset. Njira yotchuka kwambiri yopangira ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira a inkjet kupanga pepala losamutsira chizindikiro cha madzi. N'zosavuta kupanga zithunzi ndi zolemba zomwe mumakonda malinga ndi zomwe mumakonda.
②Choyambitsa
Choyambitsa ndi chosungunulira chachilengedwe chomwe chimatha kusungunula ndikuwononga filimu ya polyvinyl alcohol, koma sichidzawononga gawo losindikizira zithunzi. Choyambitsa chikagwira ntchito pa gawo losindikizira zithunzi, chimatha kuyambitsa ndikuchilekanitsa ndi filimu ya polyvinyl alcohol. Chomwe chimamatira pamwamba pa gawo lapansi kuti chikwaniritse kuphimba kwa madzi.
③Kuphimba
Popeza kuti filimu yosindikizidwa yokhala ndi madzi ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo ndi yosavuta kukanda, chogwirira ntchitocho chikatha kusinthidwa chiyenera kupopedwa ndi utoto wowonekera kuti chitetezedwe, kuti chiwongolere bwino kukongoletsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito varnish yowonekera ya PV kapena varnish yowonekera ya UV yophimba kuwala kungapangitse kuti pakhale matte kapena galasi.
④Chinthu chopangidwa ndi substrate
Kusindikiza madzi n'koyenera zinthu zambiri zomwe zimawonedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, monga: pulasitiki, chitsulo, galasi, zoumba, ndi matabwa. Malinga ndi ngati chophimbacho chikufunika, zinthu zomwe zili pansi pake zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri otsatirawa.
Zipangizo zosavuta kusamutsa (zipangizo zomwe sizifuna kuphimba)
Zipangizo zina zomwe zili mu pulasitiki zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino osindikizira, monga: ABS, plexiglass, polycarbonate (PC), PET ndi zina, zomwe zimatha kusamutsidwa popanda kuphimba. Izi zikufanana ndi mfundo yosindikizira. Mu banja la pulasitiki, PS ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kumaliza kusamutsa chophimba cha madzi, chifukwa chimawonongeka mosavuta ndi zosungunulira, ndipo zosakaniza zogwira ntchito za activator zimatha kuwononga kwambiri PS, kotero zotsatira zake zosamutsira zimakhala zochepa. Komabe, kusindikiza kosamutsa madzi pazinthu zosinthidwa za PS kuyenera kuganiziridwa.
Zipangizo zoti zipakidwe
Zipangizo zosayamwa monga galasi, chitsulo, zoumba, zinthu zosapanga dzimbiri monga polyethylene, polypropylene, ndi zinthu zina za polyvinyl chloride zimafuna zoumba zapadera kuti zisamutse. Zoumba ndi mitundu yonse ya utoto womwe umamatira bwino kuzinthu zapadera, zomwe zimatha kusindikizidwa pa sikirini, kupopera, kapena kuzunguliridwa. Kuchokera pamalingaliro osindikizira, ukadaulo wopaka wazindikira kuthekera kokongoletsa pamwamba pa zinthu zambiri zosindikizidwa. Tsopano njira zambiri zodziwika bwino zosinthira monga kusamutsa sublimation, kusamutsa hot melt, kusamutsa ceramic decal, kusamutsa pressure sensory ndi ukadaulo wina, kusamutsa pa zinthuzi sikufuna ukadaulo wopaka.
03 Zipangizo zosindikizira
① Thanki yosamutsira kutentha kosalekeza
Thanki yosamutsira kutentha kwenikweni imamaliza kuyambitsa zithunzi ndi zolemba pa filimu yosamutsira madzi ndikusamutsa filimuyo pamwamba pa chinthucho. Thanki yosamutsira kutentha kwenikweni ndi thanki yamadzi yokhala ndi ntchito yowongolera kutentha nthawi zonse. Zina zimalumikizidwa ndi tinplate, zina zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
②Zida zotumizira mafilimu zokha
Zipangizo zoyendetsera filimu yoyendera madzi zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa filimu yoyendetsera madzi yokha pamwamba pa madzi mu thanki yoyendetsera madzi ndikumaliza kudula. Filimu ikatenga madzi, imapanga malo osungira ofanana ndi madzi ndipo imayandama momasuka pamwamba pa madzi. Pamwamba, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya pamwamba pa madzi, inki idzafalikira mofanana pamwamba pa madzi. Thirani choyambitsa mofanana pamwamba pa madzi, filimuyo idzasweka pang'onopang'ono ndikusungunuka, chifukwa cha kukana kwa madzi kwa inki, inkiyo imayamba kuwonetsa kumasuka.
③Zida zopopera zokha za activator
Zipangizo zopopera zokha zoyambitsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera zokha komanso mofanana choyambitsa pamwamba pa filimu yosamutsira madzi mu thanki yosamutsira, kuti mawonekedwe osamutsira pa filimu yosamutsira ayambe kugwira ntchito mu inki.
④Zida zotsukira
Zipangizo zotsukira zimamaliza kutsuka filimu yotsala pamwamba pa chinthucho. Kawirikawiri, zipangizo zotsukira zimapangidwa ngati mzere wosonkhanitsira, womwe ndi wosavuta kupanga mosalekeza. Zipangizo zotsukira zimapangidwa makamaka ndi dziwe losambira ndi chipangizo chonyamulira lamba; chinthu chosamutsidwacho chimayikidwa pa lamba wonyamulira la chipangizo chotsukira, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito amatsuka zotsalira za chinthucho pamanja, kenako nkupita ku njira yotsatira.
⑤Zipangizo zoumitsira
Zipangizo zoumitsira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poumitsira pambuyo poti filimu yotsala yachotsedwa ndipo chinthucho chapoperedwa ndi mafuta. Kuuma pambuyo potsuka makamaka kumatanthauza kusungunuka kwa madzi, ndipo kuumitsa pambuyo popopera ndi kuuma kosasinthasintha kwa chosungunulira. Pali mitundu iwiri ya zida zoumitsira: mtundu wa mzere wopanga ndi mtundu wa kabati imodzi. Zipangizo zoumitsira mzere wopangira zimapangidwa ndi chipangizo chonyamulira ndi chipangizo choumitsira. Chofunika chachikulu pakupanga kwapadera ndikuti chinthucho chingathe kuumitsidwa kwathunthu mutalowa mu chipangizo choumitsira ndikunyamulidwa kupita ku terminal. Chipangizocho chimatenthedwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa infrared.
⑥ Zipangizo zopopera za primer ndi topcoat
Chipangizo chopopera mafuta choyambira ndi chopopera mafuta chopopera mafuta chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera pamwamba pa chinthucho chisanatumizidwe komanso chitatha kutumizidwa. Chimakhala ndi thupi ndi chipangizo chopopera mafuta. Chopopera mafuta chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popopera mafutacho chidzayandama bwino pansi pa kupanikizika kwakukulu. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tikakumana ndi chinthucho, timapanga mphamvu yothira madzi.
04 Ukadaulo Wosindikiza
①Kusamutsa madzi
Kusindikiza kwa nsalu yotchinga madzi kumatanthauza kukongoletsa pamwamba pa chinthu chonse, kuphimba nkhope yoyambirira ya chinthucho, komanso kutha kusindikiza mapatani pamwamba pa chinthu chonse (magawo atatu).
Kuyenda kwa njira
Kuyambitsa filimu
Falitsani filimu yosinthira yophimbidwa ndi madzi pamwamba pa madzi a thanki yosinthira madzi, ndi chithunzi choyang'ana mmwamba, kuti madzi omwe ali mu thanki akhale oyera komanso osalowerera, thirani mofanana pamwamba pa chithunzicho ndi choyambitsa kuti chithunzicho chikhale chogwira ntchito ndipo chimalekanitsidwa mosavuta ndi filimu yonyamulira. Choyambitsa ndi chosungunulira chachilengedwe chosakanikirana ndi ma hydrocarbons onunkhira, chomwe chimatha kusungunula ndikuwononga mowa wa polyvinyl mwachangu, koma sichidzawononga chithunzicho, ndikusiya chithunzicho chili mu mkhalidwe waulere.
Njira yosamutsira zokutira madzi
Chinthu chomwe chimafuna kusamutsa madzi chimayandikira pang'onopang'ono ku filimu yosamutsa madzi motsatira mawonekedwe ake. Chithunzi ndi mawu zidzasamutsidwa pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa chinthucho pansi pa mphamvu ya madzi, chifukwa cha kumatira kwa inki ndi zinthu zosindikizira kapena zokutira zapadera. Pa nthawi yosamutsa, liwiro la lamination la substrate ndi filimu yokutidwa ndi madzi ziyenera kusungidwa mofanana, kuti tipewe makwinya a filimu ndi zithunzi ndi malemba osawoneka bwino. Mwachidule, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zithunzi ndi malemba zatambasulidwa bwino kuti tipewe kuphatikana, makamaka malo olumikizirana. Kuphatikana kwambiri kudzapatsa anthu kumverera kodzaza. Chinthucho chikakhala chovuta kwambiri, chimakweza zofunikira zogwirira ntchito.
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza
Kutentha kwa madzi
Ngati kutentha kwa madzi kuli kotsika kwambiri, kusungunuka kwa filimu ya substrate kungachepe; ngati kutentha kwa madzi kuli kokwera kwambiri, n'zosavuta kuwononga zithunzi ndi zolemba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zithunzi ndi zolembazo zisinthe. Thanki yotumizira madzi imatha kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chowongolera kutentha chokha kuti chiwongolere kutentha kwa madzi pamalo okhazikika. Pazinthu zazikulu zogwirira ntchito zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso ofanana, zida zapadera zotumizira madzi zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito m'malo mwa ntchito zamanja, monga zinthu zogwirira ntchito zozungulira, zomwe zimatha kukhazikika pa shaft yozungulira ndikuzunguliridwa pamwamba pa filimuyo kuti isamutse chithunzi ndi zolemba.
②Kusindikiza kwa Watermark
Kusindikiza kwa watermark ndi njira yomwe imasamutsa kwathunthu zithunzi ndi zolemba papepala losamutsira pamwamba pa substrate. Ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi njira yosamutsira kutentha, kupatula kuti kuthamanga kwa kusamutsa kumadalira kuthamanga kwa madzi, komwe ndi ukadaulo wotchuka wosamutsa madzi posachedwapa.
njira yopangira zinthu
Choyamba dulani pepala losamutsira madzi lomwe likufunika kusamutsidwa ku zomwe zikufunika, liyikeni mu thanki la madzi oyera, ndikulowetsani m'madzi kwa masekondi pafupifupi 20 kuti mulekanitse chigobacho ndi substrate ndikukonzekera kusamutsidwa.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mapepala osamutsira madzi: Tulutsani pepala losamutsira madzi ndikulitseka pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa substrate, pukutani pamwamba pa chithunzi ndi chokokera kuti mufinye madzi, sungani chithunzicho pamalo omwe mwasankha, ndikuchiumitsa mwachilengedwe. Pa pepala losamutsira madzi losamutsira madzi, liumeni mwachilengedwe kenako muuume mu uvuni kuti muwongolere kulimba kwa zithunzi ndi zolemba. Kutentha kouma ndi madigiri 65-100. Chifukwa pali varnish yoteteza pamwamba pa pepala losamutsira madzi losamutsira madzi, palibe chifukwa chothira utsi. Komabe, palibe gawo loteteza pamwamba pa pepala losamutsira madzi losungunuka. Liyenera kupopedwa ndi varnish mutawumitsa mwachilengedwe, ndikupopedwa ndi varnish ya UV kuti lichiritsidwe ndi makina ochiritsira. Mukapopedwa varnish, muyenera kusamala kuti fumbi lisagwere pamwamba, apo ayi mawonekedwe a chinthucho adzakhudzidwa kwambiri. Kulamulira makulidwe a chophimba kumachitika posintha kukhuthala kwa varnish ndi kuchuluka kwa kupopedwa. Kupopedwa kwambiri kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kufanana. Pa zinthu zomwe zili ndi malo ambiri osamutsira, kusindikiza pazenera kungagwiritsidwe ntchito popaka utoto kuti pakhale utoto wokhuthala, womwe ndi njira yotetezera yothandiza kwambiri.
05 Ziyembekezo za chitukuko
①Chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito
Kugwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira osamutsa madzi pamsika ndiko kusamutsa kapangidwe kake pamwamba pa chinthu chonyamulira pogwiritsa ntchito chonyamulira chapadera ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi ngati njira yogwiritsira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, njira yopangira ndi mtengo wa zinthu ndi wokwera kuposa kusindikiza wamba, ndipo njira yopangira ndi yovuta kwambiri, koma ndi yosinthasintha kwambiri. Mtundu wa njira yosindikizira. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti imatha kukwaniritsa zotsatira zosindikiza zomwe njira zina zosindikizira sizingakwanitse, koma chofunika kwambiri, ili ndi zofunikira zochepa pa mawonekedwe a chinthucho, kaya ndi chathyathyathya, chopindika, cham'mbali kapena chopingasa, ndi zina zotero, imatha kukwaniritsa.
Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku komanso zinthu zokongoletsera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba wamba, ndi zina zotero, zimatha kuswa malamulo ena apadera osindikizira mawonekedwe a substrate (yaikulu, yaying'ono, yosasinthasintha, ndi zina zotero). Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuli kwakukulu kwambiri. Malinga ndi zinthu za substrate, kusindikiza madzi ndikoyenera zinthu zokhala ndi malo osalala monga galasi, zoumba, zida, matabwa, pulasitiki, chikopa, ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Kusindikiza madzi sikufuna kupanikizika ndi kutentha panthawi yosinthira, kotero ndi njira yabwino kwambiri pazinthu zina zoonda kwambiri zomwe sizingathe kupirira kutentha kwambiri ndi kupanikizika.
②Msika uli ndi malire. Ngakhale kuti pali mavuto ambiri pamsika wosindikiza zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito madzi, mphamvu zake pamsika ndi zazikulu kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwachuma, ogula ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba kwambiri pakulongedza zinthu, kuphimba, ndi magiredi. Kwa makampani osindikiza, lingaliro la kusindikiza sililinso losindikiza mapepala lachikhalidwe m'malingaliro a anthu.
Kuyambira pa zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka zida zaofesi, komanso ngakhale kukongoletsa nyumba ndi makampani opanga magalimoto, ma phukusi ambiri, abwino, komanso othandiza kwambiri amafunika. Ma phukusi ambiri amtunduwu amapezeka posindikiza zinthu zosamutsa. Chifukwa chake, kusindikiza zinthu zosamutsa madzi kuli ndi ulendo wautali mtsogolo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ntchito kudzakulirakulira, ndipo mwayi wamsika udzakhala wopanda malire.
Ponena za chisokonezo cha msika, zinthu zazing'ono, zinthu zochepa zaukadaulo, khalidwe loipa, ndi zina zotero, kuti zigwirizane ndi msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, zimafunabe kulimbana kosalekeza kwa anthu ogwira ntchito m'makampani.
Phukusi la utawaleza la ShanghaiPerekani ma phukusi okongoletsera nthawi imodzi. Ngati mumakonda zinthu zathu, muthaLumikizanani nafe,
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Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-05-2022