Ngokuthuthuka komnotho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindinganiso zokuphila zabantu, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemibono yokusetshenziswa kwabathengi, imikhiqizo eyenzelwe wena eyenzelwe wena ithandwa kakhulu ngabathengi. Ukudluliselwa kobuntu kuhlangabezana ngokuphelele nezidingo zabathengi zabantu banamuhla. Eminye imikhiqizo ekhethekile ayikwazi ukunyatheliswa ngezindlela zokunyathelisa zendabuko, kodwa inganyatheliswa cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokunyathelisa kokudluliselwa kwamanzi. Lesi sihloko sihlelwe nguiphakheji yothingo lwaseShanghaiukuze uthole ireferensi yakho.
Ukudluliselwa kwamanzi
Ukuphrinta kokudlulisa amanziubuchwepheshe buwuhlobo lokuphrinta olusebenzisa umfutho wamanzi ukuze lufake i-hydrolyze ephepheni/efilimu yokudlulisa enemiphethini yemibala. Njengoba izidingo zabantu zokupakisha nokuhlobisa umkhiqizo zanda, ukusetshenziswa kokuphrinta kokudlulisa amanzi kuye kwanda kakhulu. Isimiso sokuphrinta okungaqondile kanye nomphumela wokuphrinta ophelele kuxazulule izinkinga eziningi zokuhlobisa ubuso bomkhiqizo.
01 Ukuhlukaniswa
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe bokudlulisa amanzi, enye ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa uphawu lwamanzi, kanti enye ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa uqweqwe lwamanzi.
Okokuqala kuqedela kakhulu ukudluliselwa kombhalo namaphethini ezithombe, kuyilapho okwesibili kuvame ukwenza ukudluliselwa okuphelele ebusweni bomkhiqizo wonke. Ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa okumboziwe busebenzisa ifilimu encibilika emanzini encibilika kalula emanzini ukuze ithwale izithombe nemibhalo. Ngenxa yokuthi ifilimu yokumboza amanzi inokucindezeleka okuhle kakhulu, kulula ukuyisonga ebusweni bomkhiqizo ukuze yakhe ungqimba lwesithombe, futhi ubuso bomkhiqizo bunokubukeka okuhlukile ngokuphelele njengopende wokufutha. Ingambozwa ezintweni zokusebenza zanoma yisiphi isimo ukuxazulula inkinga yokuphrinta umkhiqizo onezinhlangothi ezintathu kubakhiqizi. Ukumbozwa kwendawo egobile kungangeza nokuthungwa okuhlukile ebusweni bomkhiqizo, njengokuthungwa kwesikhumba, ukuthungwa kokhuni, ukuthungwa kwejade kanye nokuthungwa kwemabula, njll., futhi kungagwema nezikhundla ezingenalutho ezivame ukuvela ekuphrinteni okujwayelekile. Futhi enkambisweni yokuphrinta, njengoba ubuso bomkhiqizo kungadingeki buthintane nefilimu yokuphrinta, ukulimala ebusweni bomkhiqizo kanye nobuqotho bawo kungagwenywa.
Ukudluliselwa kwamanzi kuyifilimu ekhethekile ephathwe ngamakhemikhaliNgemva kokuphrinta imigqa yemibala edingekayo, ithunyelwa iqonde phezulu kwamanzi. Ngokusebenzisa umphumela wokucindezela kwamanzi, imigqa yemibala namaphethini kudluliselwa ngokulinganayo ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Incibilika ngokuzenzakalelayo emanzini, futhi ngemva kokuwasha nokomisa, kufakwa isembozo esivikelayo esibonakalayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, umkhiqizo ubonise umphumela ohlukile ngokuphelele.
02 Izinto eziyisisekelo kanye nezinto zokunyathelisa
①Isisekelo sokudlulisa amanzi.
I-substrate yokudlulisa amanzi ingaba ifilimu yepulasitiki noma iphepha lokudlulisa amanzi. Imikhiqizo eminingi kunzima ukuyiphrinta ngqo. Ungaphrinta kuqala ihluzo nombhalo ku-substrate yokudlulisa amanzi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta obuvuthiwe, bese udlulisela ihluzo ku-substrate. Izinto.
Indwangu yamanzi egobile enobukhulu obuthathu
Ifilimu yokudonsa amanzi iphrintwa ebusweni befilimu yotshwala ye-polyvinyl encibilikayo emanzini kusetshenziswa inqubo yokuphrinta yendabuko yokudonsa. Inesivinini esikhulu sokwelula futhi kulula ukumboza ubuso bento ukuze kufezwe ukudluliselwa okunezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ububi ukuthi enkambisweni yokumboza, ngenxa yokuguquguquka okukhulu kwe-substrate, ihluzo nombhalo kulula ukuwohloka. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izithombe nemibhalo ngokuvamile yakhelwe njengamaphethini aqhubekayo, noma ngabe ukudluliselwa kokukhubazeka, ngeke kuthinte umphumela wokubukwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ifilimu yokumboza amanzi yokudonsa isebenzisa i-inki yokudlulisa amanzi. Uma kuqhathaniswa noyinki bendabuko, uyinki yokuphrinta yokudlulisa amanzi inokumelana okuhle kwamanzi, kanti indlela yokomisa iwukomisa kokuguquguquka.
Iphepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwamanzi
Izinto eziyisisekelo zephepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwamanzi ziyiphepha elikhethekile. Izinto eziyisisekelo kumele zibe nekhwalithi ezinzile, usayizi onembile, zivumelane nezimo eziqinile endaweni yokuphrinta, izinga lokunwebeka elincane kakhulu, akulula ukuzigoqa nokuziguqula, kulula ukuphrinta nombala, futhi ungqimba lokunamathela olungaphezulu lumbozwe ngokulinganayo. Izici ezifana nesivinini sokuphelelwa amanzi ngokushesha. Ngokwesakhiwo, akukho mehluko omkhulu phakathi kwephepha lokudlulisa amanzi nefilimu yokudlulisa uqweqwe lwamanzi, kodwa inqubo yokukhiqiza ihlukile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, iphepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwamanzi lisetshenziselwa ukwenza ihluzo zokudlulisa nombhalo ebusweni be-substrate ngokuphrinta kwesikrini noma ukuphrinta kwe-offset. Indlela yokukhiqiza ethandwa kakhulu ukusebenzisa amaphrinta e-inkjet ukwenza iphepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwamanzi. Kulula ukwenza ihluzo nemibhalo eyenzelwe wena ngokwezintandokazi zakho.
②Isiqalisi
I-activator iyi-solvent exubile ephilayo engancibilikisa futhi ibhubhise ifilimu yotshwala be-polyvinyl, kodwa ngeke ilimaze ungqimba lokuphrinta olunezithombe. Ngemva kokuba i-activator isebenza kungqimba lokuphrinta olunezithombe, ingalusebenzisa futhi iluhlukanise nefilimu yotshwala be-polyvinyl. Ifakwe ebusweni be-substrate ukuze kufezwe ukumbozwa kokudluliselwa kwamanzi.
③Ukugqoka
Ngenxa yokuthi ungqimba oluphrintiwe lwefilimu embozwe ngamanzi lunobunzima obuphansi futhi kulula ukuluklwebha, umsebenzi ngemva kokudluliselwa okumbozwe ngamanzi kumele ufafazwe ngopende obonakalayo ukuze uvikeleke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokuhlobisa. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PV transparent varnish noma i-UV light curing transparent varnish coating kungakha umphumela ongabonakali noma wesibuko.
④Izinto ezingaphansi komhlaba
Ukuphrinta kokudlulisa amanzi kufaneleka ezintweni eziningi ezivezwa empilweni yansuku zonke, njenge: ipulasitiki, insimbi, ingilazi, izinto zobumba, kanye nokhuni. Ngokuya ngokuthi kudingeka yini ukumbozwa, izinto ze-substrate zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ezilandelayo.
Izinto ezilula ukuzidlulisa (izinto ezingadingi ukumbozwa)
Ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa kumapulasitiki zisebenza kahle ekuphrinteni, njenge: ABS, plexiglass, polycarbonate (PC), PET nezinye izinto, ezingadluliselwa ngaphandle kokumbozwa. Lokhu kufana nesimiso sokuphrinta. Emndenini wepulasitiki, i-PS iyinto enzima kakhulu ukuyiqedela ukudluliselwa kokumbozwa kwamanzi, ngoba iguguleka kalula yizinyibilikisi, futhi izithako ezisebenzayo ze-activator zingadala kalula umonakalo omkhulu ku-PS, ngakho-ke umphumela wokudlulisa mubi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuphrinta kokudluliselwa kwamanzi ezintweni eziguquliwe ze-PS kufanele kunakwe.
Izinto okufanele zimbozwe
Izinto ezingamunci njengengilazi, insimbi, izinto zobumba, izinto ezingezona ezi-polar ezifana ne-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, kanye nezinto ezithile ze-polyvinyl chloride zidinga izinto ezikhethekile zokugqoka ukuze kudluliselwe ukugqokwa. Izinto zokugqoka ziyizinhlobo zonke zopende ezinamathela kahle ezintweni ezikhethekile, ezingaphrintwa esikrinini, zifuthwe, noma zigoqwe. Ngokombono wokuphrinta, ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka sebubonile ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlobisa ubuso bezinto eziningi eziphrintiwe. Manje izinqubo eziningi zokudlulisa ezidumile ezifana nokudluliselwa kwe-sublimation, ukudluliselwa kokuncibilika okushisayo, ukudluliselwa kwe-ceramic decal, ukudluliselwa okuzwela ukucindezela kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe, ukudluliselwa kulezi zinto akudingi ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka.
03 Imishini yokunyathelisa
① Ithangi lokudlulisa izinga lokushisa elihlala njalo
Ithangi lokudlulisa i-thermostat liqeda kakhulu ukusebenza kwezithombe nombhalo kufilimu yokudlulisa embozwe ngamanzi kanye nokudluliselwa kwefilimu ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Ithangi lokudlulisa i-thermostat empeleni liyithangi lamanzi elinomsebenzi wokulawula izinga lokushisa ongaguquki. Amanye ashiselwe nge-tinplate, amanye enziwe ngensimbi engagqwali.
②Imishini yokudlulisa ifilimu ezenzakalelayo
Imishini yokudlulisa ifilimu yokugeleza ezenzakalelayo isetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa ifilimu yokudlulisa amanzi ngokuzenzakalelayo phezu kwamanzi ethangini lokudlulisa bese iqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo isenzo sokusika. Ngemva kokuba ifilimu imunce amanzi, yakha isimo sokugcina esihambisanayo namanzi futhi intanta ngokukhululeka phezu kwamanzi. Ngaphezulu, ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwamanzi, ungqimba lweyinki luzosakazwa ngokulinganayo phezu kwamanzi. Futha i-activator ngokulinganayo phezu kobuso obuncane, ifilimu izophuka kancane futhi incibilike, ngenxa yokumelana kwamanzi kweyinki, ungqimba lweyinki luqala ukubonisa isimo esikhululekile.
③Imishini yokufutha ezenzakalelayo ye-activator
Imishini yokufutha ngokuzenzakalelayo ye-activator isetshenziselwa ukufutha ngokuzenzakalelayo nangokulinganayo i-activator ebusweni obungaphezulu befilimu yokudlulisa amanzi ethangini lokudlulisa, ukuze iphethini yokudlulisa efilimini yokudlulisa isebenze ibe yisimo seyinki.
④Imishini yokuwasha
Imishini yokuwasha iqeda ukuhlanzwa kwefilimu esele ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Ngokuvamile, imishini yokuwasha yenziwa ngendlela yomugqa wokuhlanganisa, olungele ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo. Imishini yokuwasha yakhiwe kakhulu yichibi lokubhukuda kanye nedivayisi yebhande lokuhambisa; umkhiqizo odluliselwe ubekwa ebhandeni lokuhambisa lemishini yokuwasha, bese umqhubi ehlanza ngesandla insalela yomkhiqizo, bese egeleza enkambisweni elandelayo.
⑤Imishini yokomisa
Imishini yokomisa isetshenziselwa ukomisa ngemva kokususwa kwefilimu esele bese umkhiqizo ufafazwa ngamafutha. Ukomisa ngemva kokuwasha ngokuyinhloko kuwukuhwamuka kwamanzi, kanti ukomisa ngemva kokufutha kuwukomisa okuguquguqukayo kwesinyibilikisi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemishini yokomisa: uhlobo lomugqa wokukhiqiza kanye nohlobo lwekhabhinethi elilodwa. Imishini yokomisa yomugqa wokuhlanganisa yakhiwe yidivayisi yokudlulisa kanye nedivayisi yokomisa. Imfuneko eyinhloko yomklamo ojwayelekile ukuthi umkhiqizo ungomiswa ngokuphelele ngemva kokungena eyunithi yokomisa bese uthuthwa uye esigungwini. Idivayisi ishiswa kakhulu yimisebe ye-infrared.
⑥ Imishini yokufafaza i-primer kanye ne-topcoat
Imishini yokufafaza ye-primer kanye ne-topcoat isetshenziselwa ukufutha ubuso bomkhiqizo ngaphambi nangemva kokudluliswa. Yakhiwe umzimba kanye nedivayisi yokucindezela yokujova uwoyela. Isembozo samafutha esisetshenziselwa ukufutha sizontanta kahle ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kakhulu. Izinto ezincane, lapho zihlangana nomkhiqizo, zakha amandla okumunca.
04 Ubuchwepheshe Bokuphrinta
①Ukudluliselwa kokumbozwa kwamanzi
Ukuphrinta kokudlulisa amakhethini amanzi kubhekisela ekuhlobiseni lonke ubuso bento, ukumboza ubuso bokuqala bento yokusebenza, kanye nokukwazi ukuphrinta amaphethini ebusweni bonke (obunobukhulu obuthathu) bento.
Ukugeleza kwenqubo
Ukusebenza kwefilimu
Sakaza ifilimu yokudlulisa embozwe ngamanzi iqonde phezulu, ukuze amanzi asethangini ahlanzeke futhi ngokuyisisekelo asesimweni sokungathathi hlangothi, fafaza ngokulinganayo ebusweni besithombe nge-activator ukuze wenze isithombe. Isendlalelo siyasebenza futhi sihlukaniswa kalula nefilimu yokuthwala. I-activator iyi-solvent exubile ephilayo ephethwe ama-hydrocarbon aromatic, angancibilikisa ngokushesha futhi abhubhise i-polyvinyl alcohol, kodwa ngeke ilimaze isendlalelo sesithombe, ishiye isithombe sikhululekile.
Inqubo yokudlulisa ukumbozwa kwamanzi
Into edinga ukudluliselwa kwamanzi isondela kancane kancane efilimini yokudlulisa amanzi eceleni kwayo. Isendlalelo sesithombe nombhalo sizodluliselwa kancane kancane ebusweni bomkhiqizo ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela kwamanzi, ngenxa yokunamathela okungokwemvelo kwesendlalelo seyinki kanye nezinto zokunyathelisa noma ukugqoka okukhethekile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokudlulisa, isivinini sokubopha se-substrate kanye nefilimu embozwe ngamanzi kufanele sigcinwe silingana, ukuze kugwenywe imibimbi yefilimu kanye nezithombe nemibhalo engathandeki. Ngokomthetho, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ihluzo nombhalo kunwetshiwe kahle ukuze kugwenywe ukugoqana, ikakhulukazi amalunga. Ukugoqana kakhulu kuzonikeza abantu umuzwa wokugcwala. Uma umkhiqizo uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kulapho izidingo zokusebenza ziphakama khona.
Izinto ezithonyayo
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi
Uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphansi kakhulu, ukuncibilika kwefilimu ye-substrate kungancipha; uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphezulu kakhulu, kulula ukulimaza imidwebo nombhalo, okubangela ukuthi imidwebo nombhalo kuphazamiseke. Ithangi lamanzi lokudlulisa lingathatha idivayisi yokulawula izinga lokushisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulawula izinga lokushisa lamanzi ebangeni elizinzile. Kuma-workpiece amakhulu anezimo ezilula nezifanayo, imishini ekhethekile yokudlulisa amanzi ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni semisebenzi eyenziwa ngesandla, njenge-workpiece eyindilinga, engafakwa emshaft ojikelezayo futhi ijikelezwe ebusweni befilimu ukuze idlulise isithombe nongqimba lombhalo.
②Ukuphrinta kwe-watermark
Ukuphrinta i-watermark kuyinqubo edlulisela ngokuphelele ihluzo nombhalo osephepheni lokudlulisa uye ebusweni be-substrate. Kufana kakhulu nenqubo yokudlulisa ukushisa, ngaphandle kokuthi ingcindezi yokudlulisa incike ekucindezelweni kwamanzi, okuwubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa amanzi obudumile muva nje.
inqubo yobuciko
Okokuqala sika iphepha lokudlulisa amanzi elibonisa imidwebo elidinga ukudluliselwa ezimisweni ezidingekayo, ulifake ethangini lamanzi ahlanzekile, bese ulicwilisa cishe imizuzwana engama-20 ukuze uhlukanise imaski nesisekelo bese ulungiselela ukudluliselwa.
Inqubo yokucubungula iphepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwe-watermark: Khipha iphepha lokudlulisa amanzi bese ulivala ngobumnene ebusweni be-substrate, ukhuhle ubuso besithombe ngesikrufu ukuze ucindezele amanzi, ugcine isithombe siphansi endaweni echaziwe, bese uyomisa ngokwemvelo. Ukuze uthole iphepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwe-watermark elihlubukayo, lomise ngokwemvelo bese ulilomisa kuhhavini ukuze uthuthukise ukunamathela kwezithombe nombhalo. Izinga lokushisa lokomisa lingu-65-100 degrees. Ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ungqimba lwe-varnish evikelayo ebusweni bephepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwe-watermark elihlubukayo, asikho isidingo sokuvikela ukufutha. Kodwa-ke, akukho ungqimba oluvikelayo ebusweni bephepha lokudlulisa uphawu lwe-watermark elinyibilikayo. Kudingeka lifuthwe nge-varnish ngemva kokomiswa ngokwemvelo, bese lifuthwa nge-varnish ye-UV ukuze lilashwe ngomshini wokwelapha. Lapho ufafaza i-varnish, kufanele uqaphele ukuvimbela uthuli ukuthi lungaweli ebusweni, ngaphandle kwalokho ukubukeka komkhiqizo kuzothinteka kakhulu. Ukulawulwa kobukhulu bengubo kufezwa ngokulungisa i-viscosity ye-varnish kanye nenani lokufutha. Ukufutha kakhulu kungabangela kalula ukufana ukuthi kwehle. Kuma-substrate anendawo enkulu yokudlulisa, ukuphrinta kwesikrini kungasetshenziswa ekufakeni ingilazi ukuze kutholakale ungqimba olujiyile, okuyindlela yokuvikela ephumelela kakhulu.
05 Amathemba entuthuko
①Into esebenzayo
Ukusetshenziswa kwemakethe kokuphrinta kokudlulisa amanzi kuwukudlulisela iphethini ebusweni be-substrate ngesithwali esikhethekile bese kusetshenziswa amanzi njengendlela yokuxhumana. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko zezinto ziphakeme kunokuphrinta okuvamile, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa iyindlela eguquguqukayo kakhulu. Uhlobo lwendlela yokuphrinta. Lokhu akugcini nje ngoba ingafinyelela imiphumela yokuphrinta engenakufezwa ezinye izinqubo zokuphrinta, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, inezidingo eziphansi ngesimo se-substrate, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isicaba, sigobile, sinomphetho noma sigobile, njll., esingahlangabezana nayo.
Isibonelo, izidingo zansuku zonke nezinto zokuhlobisa ezisetshenziswa emakhaya avamile, njll., zingaphula imikhawulo yokunye ukuphrinta okukhethekile ngesimo se-substrate (enkulu, encane, engajwayelekile, njll.). Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwayo bubanzi kakhulu. Ngokombono wezinto ze-substrate, ukuphrinta kokudlulisa amanzi kufanelekile ezintweni ezinezindawo ezibushelelezi njengengilazi, izinto zobumba, ihadiwe, ukhuni, ipulasitiki, isikhumba, kanye nemabula. Ukuphrinta kokudlulisa amanzi akudingi ingcindezi nokushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokudlulisa, ngakho-ke kuyinqubo ekhethwayo kwezinye izinto ezincane kakhulu ezingakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nengcindezi.
②Ithemba lemakethe alinamkhawulo. Nakuba kunezinkinga eziningi emakethe yokunyathelisa yokudlulisa amanzi, amandla ayo emakethe makhulu kakhulu.
Njengoba umnotho uqhubeka uthuthuka, abathengi banezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokupakisha umkhiqizo, ukumboza, kanye namazinga. Embonini yokunyathelisa, umqondo wokunyathelisa awuseyona indlela evamile yokunyathelisa iphepha emqondweni wabantu.
Kusukela ezidingweni zansuku zonke kuya ezintweni zikagesi zasehhovisi, ngisho nasekuhlobiseni ikhaya kanye nemboni yezimoto, kudingeka ukupakisha okungaphezulu, okungcono, nokusebenziseka kakhudlwana. Iningi lalolu hlobo lokupakisha litholakala ngokuphrinta kokudlulisa. Ngakho-ke, ukuphrinta kokudlulisa amanzi kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe esikhathini esizayo, futhi ububanzi bokusetshenziswa buzoba banzi kakhulu, futhi amathuba emakethe awanamkhawulo.
Ngokuphathelene nesiphithiphithi semakethe, izinga elincane, okuqukethwe okuphansi kobuchwepheshe, ikhwalithi ephansi, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinga lemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe kusadinga umzabalazo ongapheli wabantu abangaphakathi embonini.
Iphakheji yothingo lwaseShanghaiNikeza ukupakishwa kwezimonyo okukodwa. Uma uthanda imikhiqizo yethu, ungakwenzaXhumana nathi,
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-05-2022