Paipi, yomwe ndi chinthu chosavuta komanso chotsika mtengo chopangira, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Paipi yabwino simangoteteza zomwe zili mkati, komanso imakweza mulingo wa malonda, motero imakopa ogula ambiri kumakampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa chake, makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku, momwe mungasankhiremapaipi apulasitiki apamwamba kwambirizomwe zili zoyenera zinthu zawo?
Kusankha ndi ubwino wa zipangizo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mapayipi akhale abwino, zomwe zidzakhudza mwachindunji ntchito yokonza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapayipi komaliza. Zipangizo za mapayipi apulasitiki zikuphatikizapo polyethylene (ya thupi la chubu ndi mutu wa chubu), polypropylene (chivundikiro cha chubu), masterbatch, barrier resin, inki yosindikizira, varnish, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa zipangizo zilizonse kudzakhudza mwachindunji ubwino wa payipi. Komabe, kusankha zipangizo kumadaliranso pazinthu monga zofunikira zaukhondo, zinthu zotchinga (zofunikira za mpweya, nthunzi ya madzi, kusunga fungo lonunkhira, ndi zina zotero), komanso kukana mankhwala.
Kusankha mapaipi: Choyamba, zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ziyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yoyenera ya ukhondo, ndipo zinthu zovulaza monga zitsulo zolemera ndi zinthu zowunikira ziyenera kulamulidwa mkati mwa mlingo wofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, pa mapaipi otumizidwa ku United States, polyethylene (PE) ndi polypropylene (PP) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ziyenera kukwaniritsa muyezo wa US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 21CFR117.1520.
Kapangidwe ka zinthu zotchingira: Ngati zomwe zili mu phukusi la makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mpweya (monga zodzoladzola zina zoyera) kapena fungo lake ndi losasinthasintha (monga mafuta ofunikira kapena mafuta ena, ma acid, mchere ndi mankhwala ena owononga), machubu opangidwa ndi zigawo zisanu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi. Chifukwa mpweya wolowa m'chubu chopangidwa ndi zigawo zisanu (polyethylene/adhesive resin/EVOH/adhesive resin/polyethylene) ndi mayunitsi 0.2-1.2, pomwe mpweya wolowa m'chubu chodziwika bwino cha polyethylene single-layer ndi mayunitsi 150-300. Munthawi inayake, kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa chubu chopangidwa ndi ethanol kumakhala kotsika kangapo kuposa kwa chubu chopangidwa ndi zigawo chimodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, EVOH ndi ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer yokhala ndi zotchingira zabwino kwambiri komanso kusunga fungo (zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka pamene makulidwe ake ndi ma microns 15-20).
Kuuma kwa zipangizo: Makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pa kuuma kwa mapaipi, ndiye mungapeze bwanji kuuma komwe mukufuna? Polyethylene yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi ndi polyethylene yotsika kwambiri, polyethylene yotsika kwambiri, ndi polyethylene yotsika kwambiri. Pakati pawo, kuuma kwa polyethylene yotsika kwambiri ndikwabwino kuposa kwa polyethylene yotsika kwambiri, kotero kuuma komwe mukufunako kumatha kuchitika posintha chiŵerengero cha polyethylene yotsika kwambiri/polyethylene yotsika kwambiri.
Kukana kwa mankhwala a zinthu: Polyethylene yochuluka kwambiri imakhala ndi kukana kwa mankhwala bwino kuposa polyethylene yocheperako.
Kukana kwa zinthu pa nyengo: Kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito a nthawi yochepa kapena yayitali a mapaipi, zinthu monga mawonekedwe, kukana kupanikizika/kutsika kwa mphamvu, mphamvu yotseka, kukana kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe (mtengo wa ESCR), fungo labwino ndi kutayika kwa zosakaniza zogwira ntchito ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Kusankha masterbatch: Masterbatch imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera khalidwe la mapaipi. Chifukwa chake, posankha masterbatch, makampani ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuganizira ngati ili ndi kufalikira kwabwino, kusefa ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha, kukana nyengo komanso kukana mankhwala. Pakati pawo, kukana kwa mankhwala a masterbatch ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi. Ngati masterbatch sigwirizana ndi mankhwala omwe ali nawo, mtundu wa masterbatch udzasamutsira mu mankhwalawo, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku ayenera kuyesa kukhazikika kwa zinthu zatsopano ndi mapaipi (mayeso ofulumira pansi pa mikhalidwe yodziwika).
Mitundu ya varnish ndi makhalidwe awo: Varnish yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mapayipi imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: UV ndi heat dryer, zomwe zingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: pamwamba ndi pamwamba pa matte. Varnish sikuti imangopereka mawonekedwe okongola, komanso imateteza zomwe zili mkati mwake ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zina zoletsa mpweya, nthunzi ya madzi ndi fungo labwino. Kawirikawiri, varnish ya heat dryer imakhala yogwirizana bwino ndi kutentha kotsatira komanso kusindikiza silk screen, pomwe varnish ya UV imakhala ndi kuwala kwabwino. Makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku amatha kusankha varnish yoyenera malinga ndi mawonekedwe a zinthu zawo. Kuphatikiza apo, varnish yokonzedwa iyenera kukhala yogwirizana bwino, pamwamba pake posalala popanda kupindika, kupindika, kukana kutopa, kukana dzimbiri, komanso yopanda kusintha mtundu panthawi yosungira.
Zofunikira pa thupi la chubu/mutu wa chubu:
1. Pamwamba pa thupi la chubu payenera kukhala losalala, lopanda mikwingwirima, mikwingwirima, kupsinjika, kapena kusokonekera. Thupi la chubu liyenera kukhala lolunjika osati lopindika. Kukhuthala kwa khoma la chubu kuyenera kukhala kofanana. Kukhuthala kwa khoma la chubu, kutalika kwa chubu, ndi kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa mulingo womwe watchulidwa;
2. Mutu wa chubu ndi thupi la chubu la payipi ziyenera kulumikizidwa bwino, mzere wolumikizira uyenera kukhala wowongoka komanso wokongola, ndipo m'lifupi uyenera kukhala wofanana. Mutu wa chubu usamapotoke pambuyo polumikiza;
3. Mutu wa chubu ndi chivundikiro cha chubu ziyenera kugwirizana bwino, kulowa ndi kutuluka bwino, ndipo pasakhale kutsetsereka mkati mwa torque yosankhidwa, ndipo pasakhale kutuluka kwa madzi kapena mpweya pakati pa chubu ndi chivundikirocho;
Zofunikira pakusindikiza: Kukonza mapaipi nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito kusindikiza kwa lithographic offset (OFFSET), ndipo inki yambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito imakhala youma ndi UV, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafuna kumamatira mwamphamvu komanso kukana kusintha kwa mtundu. Mtundu wosindikiza uyenera kukhala mkati mwa mulingo wofunikira, malo osindikizira ayenera kukhala olondola, kusiyana kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa 0.2mm, ndipo zilembo ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino.
Zofunikira pa zipewa za pulasitiki: Zipewa za pulasitiki nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi jekeseni ya polypropylene (PP). Zipewa za pulasitiki zapamwamba siziyenera kukhala ndi mizere yooneka bwino yocheperako komanso yowala, mizere yosalala ya nkhungu, kukula kolondola, komanso kugwirizana bwino ndi mutu wa chubu. Siziyenera kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe kake monga ming'alu yosweka kapena ming'alu panthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yotsegulira ikafika pamalo oyenera, chipewa chopindika chiyenera kukhala chotha kupirira mapindidwe opitilira 300 popanda kusweka.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti kuyambira pazinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa, makampani ambiri opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku ayenera kusankha zinthu zabwino kwambiri zopaka mapaipi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-12-2024