Ipayipi, impahla yokupakisha elula futhi engabizi, isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wamakhemikhali ansuku zonke futhi ithandwa kakhulu. Ipayipi elihle aligcini nje ngokuvikela okuqukethwe, kodwa futhi lithuthukisa izinga lomkhiqizo, ngaleyo ndlela lizuze abathengi abaningi ezinkampanini zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, ezinkampanini zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke, indlela yokukhethaamapayipi epulasitiki asezingeni eliphezuluezifanele imikhiqizo yazo?
Ukukhethwa kanye nekhwalithi yezinto zokwakha kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamapayipi, okuzothinta ngqo ukucutshungulwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kokugcina kwamapayipi. Izinto zokwakha amapayipi epulasitiki zifaka i-polyethylene (yomzimba wepayipi kanye nekhanda lepayipi), i-polypropylene (ikhava yepayipi), i-masterbatch, i-barrier resin, i-inki yokunyathelisa, i-varnish, njll. Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa kwanoma iyiphi impahla kuzothinta ngqo ikhwalithi yepayipi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha kuncike nasezicini ezifana nezidingo zokuhlanzeka, izakhiwo zokuvimbela (izidingo ze-oxygen, umhwamuko wamanzi, ukulondolozwa kwephunga, njll.), kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali.
Ukukhethwa kwamapayipi: Okokuqala, izinto ezisetshenziswayo kumele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka ezifanele, futhi izinto eziyingozi njengezinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nezinto ezikhanyisa ukukhanya kufanele zilawulwe ngaphakathi kobubanzi obubekiwe. Isibonelo, ngamapayipi athunyelwa e-United States, i-polyethylene (PE) kanye ne-polypropylene (PP) esetshenziswayo kumele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ze-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 21CFR117.1520.
Izakhiwo zezithiyo zezinto zokwakha: Uma okuqukethwe kokupakishwa kwezinkampani zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke kuyimikhiqizo ezwela kakhulu umoya-mpilo (njengezinye izimonyo zokugcoba) noma iphunga lishintshashintsha kakhulu (njengamafutha abalulekile noma amanye amafutha, ama-acid, usawoti kanye namanye amakhemikhali aqothulayo), amashubhu aqothulayo anezingqimba ezinhlanu kufanele asetshenziswe ngalesi sikhathi. Ngenxa yokuthi ukungena komoya-mpilo kweshubhu eliqothulayo elinezingqimba ezinhlanu (i-polyethylene/adhesive resin/EVOH/adhesive resin/polyethylene) kungamayunithi angu-0.2-1.2, kuyilapho ukungena komoya-mpilo kweshubhu elivamile le-polyethylene elilodwa kungamayunithi angu-150-300. Esikhathini esithile, izinga lokulahlekelwa isisindo leshubhu eliqothulayo eliqukethe i-ethanol liphansi ngokuphindwe kayishumi nambili kuneshubhu eliqothulayo elilodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-EVOH iyi-ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela kanye nokugcinwa kwephunga (umphumela omuhle kakhulu utholakala lapho ubukhulu bungama-microns angu-15-20).
Ukuqina kwezinto: Izinkampani zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke zinezidingo ezahlukene zokuqina kwamapayipi, ngakho-ke ungakuthola kanjani ukuqina okufiswayo? I-polyethylene evame ukusetshenziswa kumapayipi ikakhulukazi i-polyethylene ephansi, i-polyethylene ephezulu, kanye ne-polyethylene ephansi eqondile. Phakathi kwazo, ukuqina kwe-polyethylene ephezulu kungcono kunokwe-polyethylene ephansi, ngakho-ke ukuqina okufiswayo kungatholakala ngokulungisa isilinganiso se-polyethylene ephezulu/i-polyethylene ephansi.
Ukumelana nezinto ezisetshenziswa ngamakhemikhali: I-polyethylene enamandla kakhulu inokumelana okungcono kwamakhemikhali kune-polyethylene enamandla amancane.
Ukumelana nesimo sezulu kwezinto: Ukuze kulawulwe ukusebenza kwesikhathi esifushane noma eside kwamapayipi, izici ezifana nokubukeka, ukumelana nengcindezi/ukusebenza kokuwa, amandla okuvala, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwemvelo (inani le-ESCR), iphunga kanye nokulahlekelwa izithako ezisebenzayo kudingeka kucatshangelwe.
Ukukhethwa kwe-masterbatch: I-Masterbatch idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawulweni kwekhwalithi yamapayipi. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhethwa i-masterbatch, izinkampani zabasebenzisi kufanele zicabangele ukuthi ingabe inokusabalala okuhle, ukuhlunga kanye nokuqina kokushisa, ukumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nokumelana nomkhiqizo. Phakathi kwazo, ukumelana nomkhiqizo we-masterbatch kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamapayipi. Uma i-masterbatch ingahambisani nomkhiqizo equkethe, umbala we-masterbatch uzothuthela emkhiqizweni, futhi imiphumela imbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izinkampani zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke kufanele zihlole ukuzinza kwemikhiqizo emisha namapayipi (ukuhlolwa okusheshayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile).
Izinhlobo ze-varnish kanye nezici zazo: I-varnish esetshenziselwa amapayipi ihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-UV kanye nohlobo lokomisa ukushisa, okungahlukaniswa kube ubuso obukhanyayo kanye nobuso obungacwebezeli ngokubukeka. I-varnish ayinikezi nje kuphela imiphumela emihle yokubuka, kodwa futhi ivikela okuqukethwe futhi inomphumela othile wokuvimba umoya-mpilo, umhwamuko wamanzi kanye nephunga elimnandi. Ngokuvamile, i-varnish yohlobo lokomisa ukushisa inokunamathela okuhle kokunyathelisa okushisayo okulandelayo kanye nokuphrinta kwesikrini sesilika, kuyilapho i-varnish ye-UV inokukhazimula okungcono. Izinkampani zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke zingakhetha i-varnish efanele ngokwezimpawu zemikhiqizo yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-varnish elungisiwe kufanele ibe nokunamathela okuhle, ubuso obubushelelezi ngaphandle kokugoba, ukumelana nokugoba, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokungabi nombala ngesikhathi sokugcina.
Izidingo zomzimba weshubhu/ikhanda leshubhu:
1. Ubuso bomzimba weshubhu kufanele bube bushelelezi, kungabi nemivimbo, imihuzuko, imihuzuko, noma ukuguquguquka kokuncipha. Umzimba weshubhu kufanele uqonde futhi ungagobi. Ubukhulu bodonga lweshubhu kufanele bufane. Ubukhulu bodonga lweshubhu, ubude beshubhu, kanye nokubekezelelana kobubanzi kufanele kube ngaphakathi kobubanzi obubekiwe;
2. Ikhanda leshubhu kanye nomzimba weshubhu wepayipi kufanele kuxhunywe ngokuqinile, umugqa wokuxhuma kufanele ube muhle futhi ucoceke, futhi ububanzi kufanele bufane. Ikhanda leshubhu akufanele ligobe ngemva kokuxhuma;
3. Ikhanda leshubhu kanye nesembozo seshubhu kufanele kufane kahle, kungene futhi kuphume kahle, futhi akufanele kube nokushelela ngaphakathi kwebanga le-torque elibekiwe, futhi akufanele kube nokuvuza kwamanzi noma komoya phakathi kweshubhu kanye nesembozo;
Izidingo zokuphrinta: Ukucubungula ipayipi kuvame ukusebenzisa ukuphrinta kwe-lithographic offset (i-OFFSET), futhi iningi loyinki osetshenziswayo lomisiwe nge-UV, okuvame ukudinga ukunamathela okuqinile kanye nokumelana nokushintsha kombala. Umbala wokuphrinta kufanele ube ngaphakathi kobubanzi obucacisiwe bokujula, indawo yokuphrinta ngaphezulu kufanele ibe nenembile, ukuphambuka kufanele kube ngaphakathi kuka-0.2mm, futhi ifonti kufanele iphelele futhi icace.
Izidingo zama-cap epulasitiki: Ama-cap epulasitiki avame ukwenziwa nge-polypropylene (PP) injection molding. Ama-cap epulasitiki asezingeni eliphezulu akufanele abe nemigqa ecacile yokushwabana kanye nokukhazimula, imigqa yesikhunta ebushelelezi, ubukhulu obunembile, kanye nokulingana okubushelelezi nekhanda leshubhu. Akufanele kubangele umonakalo wesakhiwo njengokuqhekeka okuqhekekayo noma ukuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Isibonelo, lapho amandla okuvula engaphakathi kwebanga, i-flip cap kufanele ikwazi ukumelana nokugoba okungaphezu kuka-300 ngaphandle kokuphuka.
Ngikholwa ukuthi kusukela kulezi zici ezingenhla, iningi lezinkampani zamakhemikhali zansuku zonke kufanele likwazi ukukhetha imikhiqizo yokupakisha amapayipi esezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-12-2024