Umuyoboro, ibikoresho byoroshye kandi bihendutse byo gupfunyika, ukoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye n'imiti ya buri munsi kandi ukunzwe cyane. Umuyoboro mwiza ntushobora kurinda gusa ibirimo, ahubwo unatuma urwego rw'ibicuruzwa rurushaho kwiyongera, bityo ugahemba abaguzi benshi mu bigo bicuruza imiti ya buri munsi. Rero, ku bigo bicuruza imiti ya buri munsi, uburyo bwo guhitamoimiyoboro ya pulasitiki ifite ubuziranengeibikwiriye ibicuruzwa byabo?
Guhitamo n'ubwiza bw'ibikoresho ni ingenzi mu kwemeza ubwiza bw'imiyoboro, bizagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku itunganywa n'ikoreshwa rya nyuma ry'imiyoboro. Ibikoresho by'imiyoboro ya pulasitiki birimo polyethylene (ku mubiri w'umuyoboro n'umutwe w'umuyoboro), polypropylene (igifuniko cy'umuyoboro), masterbatch, resin y'ingoboka, wino yo gucapa, varnish, nibindi. Kubwibyo, guhitamo ibikoresho ibyo ari byo byose bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bwiza bw'umuyoboro. Ariko, guhitamo ibikoresho biterwa kandi n'ibintu nk'ibisabwa ku isuku, imiterere y'imiyoboro (ibisabwa kugira ngo umwuka uhumeke, umwuka w'amazi, kubungabunga impumuro nziza, nibindi), ndetse no kudakoresha imiti.
Guhitamo imiyoboro: Ubwa mbere, ibikoresho bikoreshwa bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa mu isuku, kandi ibintu byangiza nk'ibyuma biremereye n'ibikoresho bitanga urumuri bigomba kugenzurwa mu rugero rwagenwe. Urugero, ku miyoboro yoherezwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, polyethylene (PE) na polypropylene (PP) bikoreshwa bigomba kuba byujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho bya 21CFR117.1520 by'Ikigo gishinzwe Ibiribwa n'Imiti muri Amerika (FDA).
Imiterere y'ibikoresho: Niba ibikubiye mu ipaki y'ibigo bicuruza imiti ya buri munsi ari bimwe mu bicuruzwa bishobora kwangiza cyane ogisijeni (nk'amavuta amwe n'amwe yo kwisiga) cyangwa impumuro yayo ikaba ihindagurika cyane (nk'amavuta y'ingenzi cyangwa andi mavuta, aside, umunyu n'ibindi binyabutabire byangiza), imiyoboro ifite ibice bitanu igomba gukoreshwa muri iki gihe. Kubera ko ubushobozi bwa ogisijeni bwo kwinjira mu muyoboro ufite ibice bitanu (polyethylene/adhesive resin/EVOH/adhesive resin/polyethylene) ari 0.2-1.2 units, mu gihe ubushobozi bwa ogisijeni bwo kwinjira mu muyoboro usanzwe wa polyethylene ni 150-300 units. Mu gihe runaka, igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro cy'umuyoboro urimo ethanol kiri munsi y'inshuro nyinshi z'umuyoboro ufite urwego rumwe. Byongeye kandi, EVOH ni copolymer ya ethylene-vinyl alcohol ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kugabanya no kubika impumuro nziza (ingaruka nziza iboneka iyo ubunini bwa mikoroni 15-20).
Ubukomere bw'ibikoresho: Ibigo bicuruza imiti bya buri munsi bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye ku bukomere bw'imiyoboro, none se ni gute wabona ubukomere wifuza? Polyethylene ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro ni polyethylene ifite ubucucike buke, polyethylene ifite ubucucike bwinshi, na polyethylene ifite ubucucike buke. Muri byo, ubukomere bwa polyethylene ifite ubucucike bwinshi ni bwiza kuruta ubwa polyethylene ifite ubucucike buke, bityo ubukomere wifuza bushobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe guhindura ikigereranyo cya polyethylene ifite ubucucike bwinshi/polyethylene ifite ubucucike buke.
Ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho mu buryo bwa shimi: Polyethylene ifite ubucucike bwinshi ifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwa shimi kurusha polyethylene ifite ubucucike buke.
Ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho mu gihe cy'ikirere: Kugira ngo hagenzurwe imikorere y'igihe gito cyangwa kirekire y'imiyoboro y'amazi, ibintu nk'isura, imikorere yo kudahangarwa/gutemba kw'umuvuduko, imbaraga zo kuziba, ubwisanzure mu kugabanya stress ku bidukikije (agaciro ka ESCR), impumuro nziza no gutakaza ibintu bikora bigomba kwitabwaho.
Guhitamo masterbatch: Masterbatch igira uruhare runini mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'imiyoboro. Kubwibyo, mu gihe cyo guhitamo masterbatch, amasosiyete ayikoresha agomba gusuzuma niba ifite ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwira neza, kuyungurura no kudahindagurika kw'ubushyuhe, kudahindagurika kw'ikirere no kudahangana n'ibicuruzwa. Muri byo, kudahangana n'ibicuruzwa bya masterbatch ni ingenzi cyane mu gihe cyo gukoresha imiyoboro. Iyo masterbatch idahuye n'ibicuruzwa irimo, ibara rya masterbatch rizimukira mu bicuruzwa, kandi ingaruka ni mbi cyane. Kubwibyo, amasosiyete ya buri munsi akoresha imiti agomba kugerageza kudahindagurika kw'ibicuruzwa bishya n'imiyoboro (ibizamini byihutishwa mu buryo bwagenwe).
Ubwoko bwa varnish n'imiterere yayo: Varnish ikoreshwa mu miyoboro igabanyijemo ubwoko bwa UV n'ubwoko bwa humure, ishobora kugabanywamo ubuso bubengerana n'ubuso butagira ibara ry'umutuku. Varnish ntitanga gusa imiterere myiza y'amaso, ahubwo inarinda ibirimo kandi igira ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zo kuziba ogisijeni, umwuka w'amazi n'impumuro nziza. Muri rusange, varnish yo mu bwoko bwa humure ifite uburyo bwo gufata neza imashini ishyushye ikoreshwa nyuma yo gucapa no gucapa silk screen, mu gihe varnish yo mu bwoko bwa UV ifite ububengerane bwiza. Amasosiyete akora imiti ya buri munsi ashobora guhitamo varnish ikwiye hakurikijwe imiterere y'ibicuruzwa byayo. Byongeye kandi, varnish yavuwe igomba kuba ifite uburyo bwo gufata neza, ubuso bworoshye butarimo imyobo, idapfundika, idapfa kwangirika, idakira ingese, kandi nta ibara rihinduka mu gihe cyo kubika.
Ibisabwa ku mubiri w'umuyoboro/umutwe w'umuyoboro:
1. Ubuso bw'umubiri w'umuyoboro bugomba kuba bworoshye, nta mirongo, imikufi, imitsi cyangwa guhindagurika kw'imitsi. Umubiri w'umuyoboro ugomba kuba ugororotse kandi udahetamye. Ubunini bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro bugomba kuba bumwe. Ubunini bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro, uburebure bw'umuyoboro, n'ubugari bw'umurambararo bigomba kuba biri mu rugero rwagenwe;
2. Umutwe w'umuyoboro n'umubiri w'umuyoboro bigomba kuba bifatanye neza, umurongo uhuza ugomba kuba mwiza kandi mwiza, kandi ubugari bugomba kuba bumwe. Umutwe w'umuyoboro ntugomba kuba ugoramye nyuma yo guhuza;
3. Umutwe w'umuyoboro n'igipfundikizo cy'umuyoboro bigomba guhuza neza, kwinjira no gusohoka neza, kandi ntibigomba kunyerera mu rugero rwagenwe rw'imbaraga, kandi ntibigomba kuba amazi cyangwa umwuka uva hagati y'umuyoboro n'igipfundikizo;
Ibisabwa mu gucapa: Gutunganya imiyoboro y'amazi akenshi bikoresha uburyo bwa lithographic offset printing (OFFSET), kandi wino nyinshi ikoreshwa ni imirasire ya UV yumye, ibi bikaba bisaba gufatana cyane no kudahinduka kw'ibara. Ibara ry'icapa rigomba kuba riri mu rugero rwagenwe rw'ubujyakuzimu, aho icapa rigomba kuba riri hakwiye, aho inyuguti zinyura hejuru y'inyuguti zigomba kuba ziri hagati ya 0.2mm, kandi inyuguti zigomba kuba zuzuye kandi zisobanutse.
Ibisabwa ku mipfundikizo ya pulasitiki: Imipfundikizo ya pulasitiki ubusanzwe ikorwa mu imashini ya polypropylene (PP). Imipfundikizo ya pulasitiki nziza cyane ntigomba kugira imirongo igaragara yo gushonga no kugaragara, imirongo y'ibihumyo yoroshye, ingano nyayo, kandi ikwiranye neza n'umutwe w'umuyoboro. Ntigomba kwangiza imiterere y'inyubako nko kwangirika cyangwa gucikagurika mu gihe gisanzwe. Urugero, iyo imbaraga zo gufungura ziri mu rwego rwo hejuru, umupfundikizo ugomba kuba ushobora kwihanganira imipfundikizo irenga 300 idacika.
Ndizera ko uhereye kuri ibi byavuzwe haruguru, amasosiyete menshi akora imiti ya buri munsi agomba kuba ashobora guhitamo ibikoresho byo gupfunyikamo imiyoboro myiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2024