Ko ngā taupoki pounamu ngā taputapu matua o ngā ipu whakapaipai. Ko ēnei ngā taputapu tohatoha ihirangi matua, haunga ngā papu hinu me ngāngā papu rehu. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ēnei i roto i ngā pounamu kirīmi, i ngā hopi horoi makawe, i ngā kirikiri kaukau, i ngā ngongo me ētahi atu hua. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka whakamāramahia pototia e mātou ngā mōhiotanga taketake mō ngā taupoki pounamu, he wāhanga rauemi tākai.
Whakamāramatanga Hua
Ko ngā taupoki pounamu tētahi o ngā kaituku ihirangi matua o ngā ipu whakapaipai. Ko ā rātou mahi matua he tiaki i ngā ihirangi mai i te poke o waho, he āwhina i ngā kaihoko ki te whakatuwhera, me te kawe i ngā waitohu kamupene me ngā mōhiohio hua. Me whai hototahi, he hiri, he pakari, he ngāwari te whakatuwhera, he āheinga ki te hiri anō, he maha ngā whakamahinga, me te whakapaipai i tētahi hua taupoki pounamu paerewa.
Te tukanga hanga
1. Te tukanga whakapūtanga
Ko ngā rauemi matua o ngā taupoki pounamu whakapaipai he kirihou, pērā i te PP, PE, PS, ABS, me ētahi atu. He tino māmā te tikanga hanga, ko te nuinga he hanga werohanga.
2. Te maimoatanga mata
He maha ngā huarahi hei rongoā i te mata o ngā taupoki pounamu, pērā i te tukanga waikura, te tukanga whakakikorua korehau, te tukanga rehu, me ētahi atu.
3. Ngā whakairoiro me te tukatuka tuhinga
He maha ngā tikanga tānga mata o ngā taupoki pounamu, tae atu ki te tā wera, te tā mata hiraka, te tā papa, te whakawhiti wera, te whakawhiti wai, me ētahi atu.
Hanganga hua
1. Te kaupapa hiri
Ko te hiri te mahi matua o ngā taupoki pounamu. He whakatū i tētahi ārai tinana tino pai mō te tūnga o te waha o te pounamu ki te wāhi ka puta ai te turuturu (ngā ihirangi hau, wai rānei) te urunga mai rānei (te hau, te mamaoa wai, ngā poke rānei i roto i te taiao o waho, me ētahi atu). Hei whakatutuki i tēnei whāinga, me ngāwari te arai kia whakakīia ai ngā koretake o te mata hiri, ā, i te wā anō ka mau tonu te pakari kia kore ai e piri ki roto i te āputa o te mata i raro i te pēhanga hiri. Me pumau tonu te ngāwari me te pakari.
Hei whakatutuki i te pānga hiri pai, me pupuri tonu te arai e pēhia ana ki te mata hiri o te waha o te pounamu i te pēhanga e ranea ana i te roanga o te wā e mau ana te takai. I roto i te whānuitanga whaitake, ka nui ake te pēhanga, ka pai ake te pānga hiri. Heoi, e mārama ana ka piki ake te pēhanga ki tētahi taumata, ka pakaru, ka hē rānei te taupoki o te pounamu, ka pakaru te waha o te pounamu karāhe, ka hē rānei te ipu kirihou, ka pakaru hoki te arai, ka pakaru te hiri i a ia anō.
Mā te pēhanga hiri ka pai te hononga i waenganui i te arai me te mata hiri o te waha o te pounamu. Ko te nui ake o te horahanga hiri o te waha o te pounamu, ko te nui ake o te tohatoha horahanga o te kawenga e pā ana ki te taupoki o te pounamu, ā, ko te kino ake o te pānga hiri i raro i tētahi taipana. Nō reira, kia pai ai te hiri, kāore e hiahiatia kia nui rawa te taipana whakapiri. Me iti rawa te whānui o te mata hiri, me kore e pakaru te arai me tōna mata. Arā, ki te hiahia te taipana whakapiri iti kia eke ki te pēhanga hiri tino whai hua, me whakamahi he mowhiti hiri whaiti.
2. Whakarōpūtanga o te taupoki pounamu
I roto i te ao whakapaipai, he maha ngā āhua o ngā taupoki pounamu:
E ai ki te rauemi o te hua: potae kirihou, potae whakakotahi konumohe-kirihou, potae konumohe hikohiko, me ētahi atu.
E ai ki te tikanga whakatuwheratanga: te potae Qianqiu, te potae hurihuri (potae pūrerehua), te potae tīwiri, te potae whitiki, te potae poka mono, te potae whakawhiti, me ētahi atu.
E ai ki ngā tono tautoko: te taupoki ngongo, te taupoki pounamu hinu, te taupoki hopi horoi, me ētahi atu.
Ngā taputapu āwhina mō te taupoki pounamu: te mono o roto, te gasket me ētahi atu taputapu.
3. Whakaahuatanga hanganga whakarōpūtanga
(1) potae Qianqiu
(2) Taupoki huri (taupoki pūrerehua)
He maha ngā wāhanga nui o te taupoki hurihuri, pērā i te taupoki o raro, te kōhao arataki wai, te inihi, te taupoki o runga, te pūwero, te mono o roto, me ētahi atu.
E ai ki te āhua: uhi porowhita, uhi porotītaha, uhi āhua motuhake, uhi tae-rua, me ētahi atu.
E ai ki te hanganga ōrite: taupoki wiri-whakapiri, taupoki pana-whakapiri.
E ai ki te hanganga o te hononga: he mea kotahi te wahi, he mea rite ki te here kopere, he mea rite ki te whitiki (tuaka-toru), me ētahi atu.
(3) Taupoki hurihuri
(4) Taupoki mono
(5) Taupoki whakawhiti wai
(6) Taupoki tohatoha totoka
(7) Taupoki noa
(8) Ētahi atu taupoki pounamu (e whakamahia ana me ngā ngongo)
(9) Ētahi atu taputapu
A. Mono pounamu
B. Pakitara
Ngā tono whakapaipai
Ko ngā taupoki pounamu tētahi o ngā taputapu tohatoha ihirangi i roto i ngā takai whakapaipai, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā pane papu me ngā pūwero.
E whakamahia whānuitia ana ēnei i roto i ngā pounamu kirīmi, i ngā hopi horoi makawe, i ngā kirimi kaukau, i ngā ngongo me ētahi atu hua.
Ngā pūwāhi whakahaere matua mō te hokohoko
1. Te whakatuwheratanga o te taipana
Me tutuki te taipana whakatuwheratanga o te taupoki pounamu i te paerewa. Ki te nui rawa, tērā pea kāore e taea te whakatuwhera, ā, ki te iti rawa, tērā pea ka turuturu ngāwari.
2. Rahi o te waha o te pounamu
He rerekē te hanganga o te waha o te pounamu, ā, me ōrite te hanganga o te taupoki o te pounamu ki tēnā, me tutuki hoki ngā whakaritenga katoa mō te manawanui. Ki te kore, ka ngāwari te turuturu.
3. Te whakanoho i te bayonet
Hei whakapaipai ake, hei hanga i te hua kia ōrite ake, kia ātaahua ake, kia ōrite ake hoki, e hiahia ana te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi taupoki pounamu kia motuhake ngā tauira o te taupoki pounamu me te tinana o te pounamu, nō reira ka whakatakotoria he pēneti tūnga. I te wā e tā ana, e huihui ana hoki i te taupoki pounamu, me whakamahi te pēneti tūnga hei paerewa.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 14-2024