Ko ngā rauemi mō te takai whakapaipai he kirihou, he karāhe me te pepa. I te wā e whakamahia ana, e tukatukahia ana, e rongoatia ana hoki ngā kirihou, nā ngā āhuatanga o waho pērā i te mārama, te hāora, te wera, te hihi, te kakara, te ua, te harore, te huakita, me ētahi atu, ka whakangaromia te hanganga matū o ngā kirihou, ka ngaro ai ō rātou āhuatanga taketake. Ko tēnei āhuatanga e kiia ana ko te koroheketanga. Ko ngā whakaaturanga matua o te koroheketanga kirihou ko te rerekētanga o te tae, te huringa o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana, te huringa o ngā āhuatanga miihini me te huringa o ngā āhuatanga hiko.
1. Papamuri o te koroheketanga kirihou
I roto i ō tātou oranga, ka pāngia ētahi hua e te mārama, ā, ko te mārama ultraviolet i te rā, me te pāmahana teitei, te ua me te tomairangi, ka pāngia te hua e ngā āhuatanga tawhito pērā i te ngaronga o te kaha, te ngatata, te kiri, te mangu, te rerekē te tae, me te paura. Ko te mārama o te rā me te haumākū ngā tino take e tawhito ai te rauemi. Ka taea e te mārama o te rā te whakapōrearea i te maha o ngā rauemi, e pā ana ki te aro me te whānuitanga o ngā rauemi. He rerekē te urupare a ia rauemi ki te whānuitanga.
Ko ngā āhuatanga tawhito rawa atu mō ngā kirihou i roto i te taiao tūturu ko te wera me te mārama ultraviolet, nā te mea ko te taiao e tino pāngia ana ngā rauemi kirihou ko te wera me te hihi o te rā (te mārama ultraviolet). He mea nui te ako i te koroheketanga o ngā kirihou i puta mai i ēnei momo taiao e rua mō te taiao whakamahinga tūturu. Ka taea te wehewehe i tōna whakamātautau koroheketanga ki ngā wāhanga e rua: te whakaaturanga o waho me te whakamātautau koroheketanga tere i roto i te taiwhanga.
I mua i te whakamahinga nui o te hua, me whakahaere he whakamātautau pakeketanga māmā hei aromatawai i tōna ātete ki te pakeketanga. Heoi, tera pea ka roa pea te pakeketanga taiao mō ētahi tau, neke atu rānei, kia kitea ai ngā hua, he mea kāore e rite ki te hanga tuturu. Heoi anō, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga o te rangi i ngā wāhi rerekē. Me whakamātautau i ngā rauemi whakamātautau kotahi i ngā wāhi rerekē, ka nui ake te utu whakamātautau.
2. Whakamātautau whakaaturanga o waho
Ko te pānga tika ki waho e pā ana ki te pānga tika ki te rā me ētahi atu āhuatanga o te rangi. Koinei te huarahi tino tika ki te aromatawai i te ātete o ngā rauemi kirihou ki te huarere.
Ngā Painga:
Te utu tino iti
He pai te ōritetanga
He māmā, he ngāwari hoki te whakahaere
Ngā ngoikoretanga:
He huringa roa rawa te nuinga
Kanorau o te āhuarangi o te ao
He rerekē te aro o ngā tauira rerekē i ngā āhuarangi rerekē
3. Tikanga whakamātautau koroheketanga tere taiwhanga
Ehara i te mea ka taea e te whakamātautau koroheketanga mārama taiwhanga te whakapoto noa i te huringa, engari he pai hoki te whakahokinga me te whānuitanga o te tono. Ka oti i roto i te taiwhanga puta noa i te tukanga, me te kore e whakaarohia ngā here whenua, ā, he ngāwari ki te whakahaere me te kaha ki te whakahaere. Mā te whakatauira i te taiao rama tuturu me te whakamahi i ngā tikanga koroheketanga mārama tere hangai ka taea te whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te aromatawai tere i te mahi a te rauemi. Ko ngā tikanga matua e whakamahia ana ko te whakamātautau koroheketanga mārama ultraviolet, te whakamātautau koroheketanga rama xenon me te koroheketanga mārama pewa waro.
1. Tikanga whakamātautau koroheketanga mārama Xenon
Ko te whakamātautau koroheketanga rama Xenon he whakamātautau e whaihanga ana i te whānuitanga katoa o te rā. Ka taea e te whakamātautau koroheketanga rama Xenon te whaihanga i te āhuarangi horihori taiao i roto i te wā poto. He huarahi nui tēnei hei tirotiro i ngā tātai me te arotau i te hanganga o te hua i roto i te tukanga rangahau me te whakaputa pūtaiao, ā, he wāhanga nui anō hoki o te tirotiro kounga hua.
Ka taea e ngā raraunga whakamātautau tawhito o te rama Xenon te āwhina i te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi hou, te whakarerekē i ngā rauemi o nāianei, me te aromatawai i te pānga o ngā panonitanga ki te roa o ngā hua.
Mātāpono taketake: Ka whakamahia e te rūma whakamātautau rama xenon ngā rama xenon hei whakatauira i ngā pānga o te rā, ā, ka whakamahia te makuku kua whakakōpiritia hei whakatauira i te ua me te tomairangi. Ka whakanohoia te rauemi kua whakamatautauria ki roto i te huringa o te māramatanga me te makuku tauutuutu i tētahi pāmahana hei whakamātautau, ā, ka taea e ia te whakaputa anō i ngā tūponotanga e puta ana i waho mō ngā marama, tae noa ki ngā tau i roto i ētahi rā, wiki rānei.
Te tono whakamātautau:
Ka taea e ia te whakarato i te whakaata taiao e rite ana me ngā whakamātautau tere mō te rangahau pūtaiao, te whakawhanaketanga hua me te whakahaere kounga.
Ka taea te whakamahi mō te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi hou, te whakapai ake i ngā rauemi o nāianei, te aromatawai rānei i te pakari i muri i ngā panonitanga ki te hanganga o ngā rauemi.
Ka taea e ia te whakatauira i ngā huringa i puta mai i ngā rauemi e pāngia ana e te rā i raro i ngā āhuatanga taiao rerekē.
2. Tikanga whakamātautau koroheketanga rama UV
Ko te whakamātautau koroheketanga UV te nuinga o te wā e whaihanga ana i te pānga pirau o te mārama UV i roto i te rā ki te hua. I taua wā anō, ka taea hoki e ia te whakaputa anō i te kino i puta mai i te ua me te tomairangi. Ka mahia te whakamātautau mā te whakaatu i te rauemi hei whakamātautau i roto i te huringa taunekeneke whakahaere o te rā me te makuku me te whakanui ake i te pāmahana. Ka whakamahia ngā rama hihi ultraviolet hei whaihanga i te rā, ā, ka taea hoki te whaihanga i te awe o te makuku mā te hauhautanga, te rehu rānei.
He rama mercury iti-pēhanga te rama UV hihiko, ko tōna roanga ngaru he 254nm. Nā te tāpiri o te noho tahi o te whākawa hei huri i tēnei hei roanga ngaru roa ake, ko te tohatoha pūngao o te rama UV hihiko e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whānuitanga tukunga i puta mai i te noho tahi o te whākawa me te horapa o te ngongo karāhe. Ko ngā rama hihiko te nuinga o te wā ka wehea ki te UVA me te UVB. Ko te tono whakaaturanga rauemi e whakatau ana ko tēhea momo rama UV me whakamahi.
3. Tikanga whakamātautau koroheketanga rama pewa waro
He hangarau tawhito te rama pewa waro. I whakamahia tuatahitia te taputapu pewa waro e ngā tohunga matū tae hangai Tiamana hei aromatawai i te pumau o te mārama o ngā kakahu kua taehia. Ka wehea ngā rama pewa waro ki ngā rama pewa waro kati me ngā rama pewa waro tuwhera. Ahakoa te momo rama pewa waro, he rerekē rawa tōna whānuitanga mai i te whānuitanga o te rā. Nā te roa o te hītori o tēnei hangarau kaupapa, i whakamahia tēnei taputapu e te hangarau tawhito whakaata mārama horihori tuatahi, nō reira ka kitea tonu tēnei tikanga i roto i ngā paerewa o mua, inā koa i roto i ngā paerewa o mua o Hapani, i te wā i whakamahia ai te hangarau rama pewa waro hei tikanga whakamātautau tawhito mārama horihori.
Wā tuku: 20-Ākuhata-2024