Kayan kwalliyar kwalliya, ko dai kwalin kwalbar gilashi ne, ko kwalin filastik kamarKwalbar dabbar gida, waniacrylickwalba, ko kumaakwati na tiyo, ana buƙatar a fitar da shi ta hanyar kayan aiki na cirewa kamar murfin kwalba ko kan famfo. Idan akwai ɓuɓɓuga, rufewa tsakanin murfin da akwati yana da matuƙar mahimmanci. A cikin wannan labarin, mun yi bayani a taƙaice game da ƙa'idar rufe murfin da bakin kwalbar. An tsara wannan labarin ta hanyarkunshin bakan gizo na shanghaidon bayaninka
一、Ilimin asali na rufewa
1. Murfin kwalba da bakin kwalba
Murfin kwalba da bakin kwalbar sun cika waɗannan buƙatu ta hanyar wani tsari na haɗin kai da haɗin gwiwa:
Ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin murfin kwalbar da bakin kwalbar, murfin kwalbar yana kan bakin kwalbar, kuma ana iya buɗewa ko rufe shi ta wata hanya;
A samar da isasshen matsin lamba ga saman da aka shafa wa rufewa, kuma matsin ya kamata ya kasance daidai gwargwado, kuma matsin ya kamata ya kasance daidai kafin a buɗe akwatin ko na tsawon lokaci;
Ga tsarin murfin kwalbar ba tare da rufin ba, ɓangaren rufewa da ke taɓa bakin kwalbar ya kamata ya zama santsi, iri ɗaya kuma yana da kyau a taɓa shi;
Buɗewa da rufewa suna da sauƙi, sauri kuma babu zubewa.
2. Murfin kwalba da rufin rufewa
Domin a matse layin rufewa daidai da saman wurin rufewa, ya kamata a sanya layin rufewa daidai a cikin murfin kwalbar kuma girman da ya dace.
3. Rufe murfin da bakin kwalbar
Tsarin da ya dace da layin rufewa da bakin kwalbar yana buƙatar tantance yanayin hulɗa, yankin hulɗa, faɗin hulɗa da kauri na layin rufewa don tabbatar da isasshen sassauci da buƙatun tauri.
02. Ka'idar rufewa
Ana yin hakan ne don a kafa wani shinge na zahiri ga bakin kwalba wanda zai iya zubewa (abin da ke cikin iskar gas ko ruwa) ko kutse (iska, tururin ruwa ko ƙazanta a cikin muhallin waje, da sauransu) kuma ya kamata a rufe shi. Don cimma wannan, dole ne rufin ya kasance mai laushi don cike duk wani rashin daidaito a saman rufewa, yayin da yake da tauri sosai don hana shi matsewa cikin ramin saman a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba na rufewa. Dole ne a dage duka sassauci da tauri.
Domin samun kyakkyawan tasirin rufewa, layin ciki da aka matse a saman murfin bakin kwalbar dole ne ya kasance yana da isasshen matsin lamba a lokacin da ake shirya fakitin. A cikin iyaka mai dacewa, mafi girman matsin lamba, mafi kyawun tasirin rufewa. Duk da haka, a bayyane yake cewa lokacin da aka ƙara matsin lamba zuwa wani mataki, zai haifar da tsagewa ko nakasa na murfin kwalbar, fashewar bakin kwalbar gilashi ko nakasa na kwantena na filastik da lalacewar rufin ciki, ta yadda hatimin zai lalace da kansa.
Matsin rufewa yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin layin da saman rufewa na bakin kwalbar. Girman yankin rufewa na bakin kwalbar, girman rarrabawar yankin da murfin kwalbar ke amfani da shi, kuma mafi muni tasirin rufewa a ƙarƙashin wani takamaiman ƙarfin juyi. Saboda haka, don samun kyakkyawan hatimi, ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da ƙarfin juyi mai yawa, kuma faɗin saman rufewa ya kamata ya zama ƙarami gwargwadon iko ba tare da lalata layin da samansa ba. Wato, idan ƙaramin ƙarfin juyi don cimma matsakaicin matsin lamba na rufewa, ya kamata a zaɓi ƙaramin zobe na rufewa.
03. Hanyar rufewa ta al'ada
1. Haɗin zaren
Haɗa zare yana nufin adadin juyawar zare daga wurin haɗuwa na farko tsakanin wurin farawa na zaren murfin sukurori da wurin farawa na zaren bakin kwalbar zuwa wurin da saman rufe bakin kwalbar yake hulɗa da layin ciki. Domin a matse layin daidai gwargwado a kan dukkan kewayen saman rufewar kwalbar, ana buƙatar aƙalla juyawa ɗaya gaba ɗaya na haɗin zaren. Girman yankin haɗa zare, mafi kyawun matsayin murfin da kuma tasirin ƙarfin riƙewa da ke riƙe murfin a wurin. Haɗa zaren yana ƙayyade karkata ko gangaren zaren. Girman da ke tsakanin zaren, mafi girman gangaren zaren, da sauri ake ɗaure murfin ko kashe shi, kuma mafi girman tsayin murfin don samun takamaiman adadin haɗin zaren. Saboda haka, matakin ya dace, kuma babu buƙatar zaɓar babban matakin da ya wuce gona da iri, don kada ya shafi bayyanar siffar da ƙara farashin samarwa.
2. Ƙarfin juyi mai ƙarfi
Da zarar an tantance murfin da tsarin bakin, ana iya warware buƙatar hatimi mai kyau cikin sauƙi. Tambayar ta ta'allaka ne akan tabbatar da cewa murfin ya shafa matsin lamba mai kyau a bakin kwalbar. A yanayin murfin sukurori, akwai ma'aunin yadda murfin ke aiki - ƙarfin gyarawa. Ana iya auna ƙarfin riƙewa da na'urar gwada karfin juyi. A aikace, tunda ba za a iya sanya na'urar gwajin karfin juyi a ƙarƙashin kan injin rufewa ba, dole ne a auna shi ta hanyar "ƙarfin kwancewa" da mai gwajin ya shafa wa murfin. Ƙarfin gyarawa ya bambanta da diamita na murfin kuma yana da daidaito. Ingancin hatimin murfin ya dogara ne akan sassaucin layin, santsi na saman rufewa, da sauransu, ba kawai matsewa ko ƙarfin juyi da aka yi amfani da shi ba.
04. Nassoshi ga wasu nau'ikan hatimin murfi
1. An rufe gefen bakin kwalbar
Fuskar rufe bakin kwalbar tana kan gefen waje na sama na bakin kwalbar. Ana sanya gasket na roba na halitta ko na roba a gefen murfin ƙarfe, wanda ya dace da saman rufewa mai kauri a saman gefen waje na bakin kwalbar, kuma galibi ana rufe shi ne ta hanyar matsin lamba da flange na bakin kwalbar ke yi.
2. Hatimin haɗin gwiwa
Hatimin haɗin gwiwa shine hatimin haɗin gwiwa sau biyu na saman hatimin a bakin kwalbar da kuma saman hatimin a gefen bakin kwalbar. Bukatun fasaha na hatimin haɗin gwiwa suna da yawa.
3. Hatimin toshewa
Hatimin toshewa hatimi ne da aka samar ta hanyar gogayya tsakanin matosai da aka yi da kayayyaki daban-daban da kuma saman rufewa na gefen ciki na bakin kwalbar mai siffar toshewa ta hanyar da aka sanya masa matsi. Akwai matosai na toshewa, matosai na filastik, matosai na gilashi, da sauransu. Saboda matosai na roba ne, ana iya matse su, ba sa shiga iska, ba sa shiga ruwa, kuma yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin zafi, yana ba da kyakkyawan hatimin toshewa kuma abu ne na halitta mai kyau. A madadin matosai na toshewa, akwai matosai na filastik masu lanƙwasa tare da haƙarƙari ko ba tare da su ba, kuma akwai matosai na filastik masu lanƙwasa waɗanda suka dace da canjin hankali a diamita na buɗewar kwalbar, duk waɗannan na iya tabbatar da ingantaccen matosai.
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Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-22-2022